Master Tournament (usually called just Master , or US Masters outside of North America) is one of four major championships in professional golf. Scheduled for the first full week of April, the Masters is the first of the year, and unlike the others, it's held at the same location, Augusta National Golf Club, a private course in the southeastern United States, in the city of Augusta, Georgia.
The Masters was started by amateur champion Bobby Jones and investment banker Clifford Roberts. After a grand slam in 1930, Jones acquired former plant breeding and designed with Augusta National with the architect of the course Alister MacKenzie. First played 84 years ago in 1934, this tournament is an official cash event on the PGA Tour, European Tour, and Japan Golf Tour. The player field is smaller than other major championships because this is an invite event, hosted by Augusta National Golf Club.
This tournament has a number of traditions. Since 1949, a green jacket has been given to the champion, who must return it to the club one year after his victory, though it remains his personal property and kept with another champion jacket in a designated special room. In many cases, only the first and current champions in power can remove their jackets from the club's pitch. A golfer who wins the event multiple times using the same green jacket is given on his initial win (unless he needs to be reinstalled with a new jacket). The Champions dinner, unveiled by Ben Hogan in 1952, was held on Tuesday before every tournament, and is open only to past champions and specific board members of Augusta National Golf Club. Beginning in 1963, the legendary golfer, usually the past champion, had hit an honor tee tee early in the morning in the first half to start the game. These include Fred McLeod, Jock Hutchinson, Gene Sarazen, Sam Snead, Byron Nelson, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, and Gary Player. Since 1960, the semi-social contest in par-3 alone has been played on Wednesday, the day before the first round.
Nicklaus had the most wins, with six between 1963 and 1986. Palmer and Tiger Woods won four apiece, and five have won three titles at Augusta: Jimmy Demaret, Sam Snead, Gary Players, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson. The player, from South Africa, was the first non-American player to win the tournament, in 1961; the second was Seve Ballesteros of Spain, champion in 1980 and 1983.
The Augusta National Course was first opened 85 years ago in 1933 and has been modified many times by different architects. Among the changes: green has been reshaped and, on occasion, completely redesigned, bunkers have been added, water hazards have been extended, new tee boxes have been built, hundreds of trees have been planted, and some mounds have been installed.
Video Masters Tournament
History
Augusta National Golf Club
The idea for Augusta National originated with Bobby Jones, who wanted to build a golf course after retiring from the game. He sought advice from Clifford Roberts, who later became chairman of the club. They found a piece of land in Augusta, Georgia, where Jones said: "Perfect! And to think that this land has been lying here for years, waiting for someone to come and put a golf course on it." The land was a tilapia plantation in the early nineteenth century and plant nursery since 1857. Jones hired Alister MacKenzie to help design the course, and work began in 1931. The course was officially opened in 1933, but MacKenzie died before the first Masters Tournament was played.
Start of tournament year
The first "Augusta National Invitational" tournament, as the Masters was originally known, began on March 22, 1934, and was won by Horton Smith, who took the first prize of $ 1,500. The name was adopted in 1939. The first tournament played with the current hole 10 to 18 was played as the first nine, and 1 to 9 as the second nine then permanently reversed to its current layout for the 1935 tournament.
Initially the National Invitational Augusta field consisted of a close associate of Bobby Jones. Jones had petitioned the USGA to hold the US Open at Augusta but the USGA rejected the petition, noting that a hot summer in Georgia would create difficult playing conditions.
Gene Sarazen hit "worldwide shots" in 1935, sealing a shot from the fairway at par 5 15 for a double eagle (albatross).) This ties Sarazen with Craig Wood, and in the next 36-hole playoff, Sarazen becomes the winner with five This tournament was not played from 1943 to 1945, due to World War II.In order to help the war effort, cows and turkeys were raised in Augusta National field.
1960s-1970s
The Big Three of Arnold Palmer, Gary Player, and Jack Nicklaus dominated the Masters from 1960 to 1978, winning 11 occasions between them during that span. After winning with a single blow in 1958, Palmer won by another blow in 1960 in unforgettable circumstances. Trailing Ken Venturi with a single shot at the 1960 show, Palmer made birdies in the last two holes to win. Palmer will win two more Masters in 1962 and 1964.
Jack Nicklaus appeared in the early 1960s, and became a rival for the popular Palmer. Nicklaus won his first green jacket in 1963, defeating Tony Lema with one hit. Two years later, he recorded a record then 271 (17 under par) for his second Masters win, leading Bobby Jones to say that Nicklaus played "a game I do not know." The following year, Nicklaus won the third green jacket in an exhausting 18-hole playoff against Tommy Jacobs and Gay Brewer. This makes Nicklaus the first player to win the Masters in a row. He won again in 1972 with three strokes. In 1975, Nicklaus was won by a single blow in a contest close to Tom Weiskopf and Johnny Miller in one of the most exciting Masters to date.
Gary Player became the first non-American player to win the Masters in 1961, defeating Palmer, the defending champion. In 1974, he won again with two strokes. After not winning the tournament on a US PGA tour for nearly four years, and at the age of 42, the Player won his third Masters and lastly in 1978 with a single punch over three players. The player currently sharing (with Fred Couples) notes made 23 successive cuts, and has played in the 52 Masters record.
The controversial final for the Masters took place in 1968. Roberto De Vicenzo signed a scorecard (judged by partner play Tommy Aaron) who misrepresented him as making par 4 instead of birdie 3 on the 17th hole of the final round. With golf rules, if a player signs a scorecard (thereby proving the truth) that records a score on a hole higher than what he actually made in the hole, the player receives a higher score for that hole. This extra stroke makes De Vicenzo an opportunity to be in the 18-hole playoff play with Bob Goalby, who won a green jacket. De Vicenzo's error leads to a famous quote, "How stupid I am."
In 1975, Lee Elder became the first African American to play in the Masters, doing so 15 years before Augusta National received its first black member, Ron Townsend, as a result of Shoal Creek Controversy.
1980s-2000s
Non-Americans collected 11 wins in 20 years in the 1980s and 1990s, by far the strongest run they have in any of the three majors played in the United States since the early days of the US Open. The first European to win the Masters was Seve Ballesteros in 1980. Nicklaus became the oldest player to win the Masters in 1986 when he won for the sixth time at the age of 46.
During this period, none of the golfers suffered from the competitive pressure at Augusta over Greg Norman. In 1987, Norman lost a sudden playoff of death to Larry Mize when Mize hid an incredible 45-yard pitch to birdie the second playoff hole and win the Masters. In 1996, Norman tied the course record with the opening round 63, and a six-stroke lead over Nick Faldo entered the final round. Norman shot 78 while Faldo scored 67 to win with five shots (for his third Masters championship). Norman also suffered in 1986 when after birdieing four straight holes, and needed only a nominal to tie Nicklaus to lead and force the playoffs Monday, he strongly pushed the 4-iron approach at 18 and missed the putt par to seal the bogey.
At the age of 21 in 1997, Tiger Woods won the Masters with twelve shots and broke the 72-hole record that has stood for 32 years. Woods completed his "Tiger Slam" by winning his fourth major championship in succession at the Masters in 2001. He won again the following year, making him only the third player in history to win the tournament in a row, as well as in 2005 when he beat Chris DiMarco in the playoffs for his first major championship victory in nearly three years.
The club is targeted by Martha Burk, who organized a failed protest in the 2003 Masters to pressure the club to accept female members. Burk plans to protest at Augusta's front gate during the third day of the tournament, but his petition for permission to do so was denied. Appeal closed. In 2004, Burk declared that he had no further plans to protest against the club.
Augusta's National Chairman Billy Payne himself made headlines in April 2010, however, when he commented (at the annual pre-Master press conference) about Tiger Woods's off-the-course behavior. "Not only is his level of behavior so terrible here," Payne said, in his opening remarks. "It is a fact that he is disappointing us all and more importantly our children and grandchildren."
The 2003 tournament was won by Mike Weir, who became the first Canadian to win the men's main championship, and the first left-hander to win the Masters. The following year, another left-hander, Phil Mickelson, won his first major championship by making a birdie in the last hole to beat Ernie Els for a stroke. Mickelson also won the tournament in 2006 and 2010. In 2011, the tournament was won by South Africa's Charl Schwartzel, who birdied the last four holes to win with two strokes. In 2012, Bubba Watson won the tournament in the second playoff hole. Watson's victory marked the fifth time a left-hander won the Masters in ten previous tournaments. Before 2003, no left-hander ever won the Masters. The 2013 Masters was won by Adam Scott, the first Australian to win the tournament. Watson won the 2014 Masters with three strokes over Jordan Spieth and Jonas Blixt. It was his second Masters win in three years. By 2015, Spieth will be the second youngest winner in his second Masters.
Maps Masters Tournament
Tradition
Awards
The total prize money for the 2014 tournament is $ 9,000,000, with $ 1,620,000 going to be the winner. In the first year of 1934, the winner of Horton Smith received $ 1,500 from the $ 5,000 wallet. After Nicklaus first win in 1963, he received $ 20,000, while after his final victory in 1986 he won $ 144,000. In recent years the wallet has grown rapidly. Between 2001 and 2014, the share of winners grew by $ 612,000, and the wallet grew by $ 3,400,000.
In addition to cash prizes, the tournament winners are presented with a distinctive green jacket, officially awarded since 1949, and acquired informally by the champions for many years before that. The green sports coat is the official outfit worn by Augusta National members while on the club grounds; every Masters winner becomes an honorary member of the club. The green jacket receiver was presented to him inside Cabin Butler immediately after the end of the tournament, and the presentation was then repeated outside near the 18th green in front of the visitors. Winners keep their jackets for the first year after their first win, then return them to the club to wear every time they visit. The tradition began in 1949, when Sam Snead won his first title from three Masters titles.
The green jacket is only allowed to be removed from Augusta National by defending champions, after which it must remain at the club. Exceptions to this rule include Gary Player, who in his joy won victory bringing his jacket to South Africa after his 1961 victory (though he always followed the spirit of the rules and never put on a jacket); Seve Ballesteros who, in an interview with Peter Alliss from his home in PedreÃÆ'Â ± a, showed one of two green jackets in his trophy chamber; and Henry Picard, whose jacket was removed from the club before the tradition was established, remained in his closet for several years, and is now on display at Canterbury Golf Club in Beachwood, Ohio, where he is a professional club for many years.
Traditionally, last year's Masters tournament winner puts a jacket on the current winner at the end of the tournament. In 1966, Jack Nicklaus became the first player to win in a couple of years in a row and he was wearing his own jacket. When Nick Faldo (in 1990) and Tiger Woods (in 2002) repeated as champions, chairman Augusta National put on their jackets.
There are several awards given to players who make outstanding achievements during the tournament. The player who has the lowest daily score receives a crystal vase, while the player who scored a hole-in-one or double eagle won a large crystal bowl. For every eagle, a player makes him receive a pair of crystal glasses.
In addition to a green jacket, the tournament winner receives a gold medal. They have their names engraved on the real silver Masters trophy, introduced in 1961, which portrays the clubhouse. This trophy remains at Augusta National; since 1993 the winner has received a sterling silver replica. The runner-up received a silver medal, introduced in 1951. Beginning in 1978, a silver salver was added as a tribute to the second champion.
In 1952, the Master began to give awards, known as the Silver Cup, to the lowest scorers to make the cut. In 1954 they began presenting an amateur silver medal to a lowly amateur runner-up.
In 2017, a green jacket found in a junk shop in 1994 was sold at auction for $ 139,000.
Pre-tournament events
In 2013, Augusta National partnered with USGA and PGA of America to set up Drive, Chip and Putt , a youth golf skills competition first held in 2014. The event was established as part of an effort to help promote golf sport among youth; local qualification winners in different age groups advance to the national finals, which have been held at Augusta National on Sunday shortly before the Masters. The driving and chipping part of the show was held in various workout courses, but the placing portions had been played in the 18 course hole.
On April 4, 2018, before the 2018 tournament, Augusta National chairman Fred Ridley announced that the club will host a new Women's amateur championship starting in 2019. The first two rounds will be held at Champion's Retreat club in Evans, Georgia, with two finals organized by Augusta National (the final round will take place on Saturday straight before the tournament). Ridley stated that holding such events at Augusta National would have the "biggest impact" on women's golf. Despite fears that the event would run counter to the Dinah Shore LPGA Tour (which has invited top amateur players to compete), Ridley stated that he had discussed the event with commissioner Mike Whan, stating that he agreed on the idea that every move for improving women's golf excellence will be a "victory" for the LPGA from time to time.
Par-3 contest
The Par 3 contest was first introduced in 1960, and was won that year by Snead. It has traditionally been played on Wednesday before the tournament begins. The par 3 course was built in 1958. It is a nine-hole course, with par 27, and measures 1,060 meters (970 m) in length.
There are 94 holes-in-one in the history of the contest, with nine records taking place in 2016. Camilo Villegas became the first player to score two holes-in-one in the same round during the 2015 Par 3 Contest. There are no winners of the par 3 contest that has also won the Masters in the same year. There are several recurring winners, including PÃÆ'¡draig Harrington, Sandy Lyle, Sam Snead, and Tom Watson. The two former wins in a few consecutive years.
In this event, golfers can use their children as caddie, which helps create a family-friendly atmosphere. In 2008, the event was broadcasted for the first time by ESPN.
The winner of the par 3 competition, played the day before the tournament begins, won a crystal bowl.
Player invites
Like other majors, winning the Masters gives golfers some privileges that make his career safer. Masters champions are automatically invited to play in three other majors (US Open, Open Championships and PGA Championships) for the next five years (except for amateur winners unless they become pro within five years), and get a lifetime invitation to Masters. They also received membership on the PGA Tour for the following five seasons and an invitation to The Players Championship for five years.
Since the tournament was founded by an amateur champion, Bobby Jones, Masters has a tradition of respecting amateur golf. It invites the winners of the most prestigious amateur tournaments in the world. In addition, the US Amateur champion is currently always playing in the same group as the Masters champion who defended during the first two days of the tournament.
Amateurs on the pitch are welcome to stay at "Crow's Nest" above the national club Augusta during the tournament. The Crow's Nest is 1,200 square feet (110 m 2 ) with five lodging spaces during the competition.
Unlock a tee shot
Since 1963, the habit in most years is to start the tournament with the opening tee of honor in the first hole, usually by one or more legendary players. The original honors were Jock Hutchison and Fred McLeod; the pair led every tournament from 1963 to 1973, when poor health prevented Hutchison from swinging a club. McLeod continued until his death in 1976. Byron Nelson and Gene Sarazen began in 1981, and later joined Sam Snead in 1984. The trio continued until 1999 when Sarazen died, while Nelson quit in 2001. Snead hit his last opening opening tee in 2002, a little over a month before he died.
In 2007, Arnold Palmer took over as a starter of honor. Palmer also had the honor in 2008 and 2009. In 2010 and 2011 Masters Tournaments, Jack Nicklaus joined Palmer as the honorary co-starter for the event. In 2012, Gary Player joins them. Palmer announced in March 2016 that a lingering shoulder problem would prevent him from taking part in a 2016 tee shot. Palmer is still attending the ceremony.
Following the death of Palmer in 2016, the 2017 ceremony featured awards; his green jacket was draped over an empty white chair, while everyone present wore the "Arnie's Army" badge.
Champions' Dinner
The Champions Dinner is held every year on Tuesday night before Thursday's first round. The first dinner was held in 1952, hosted by defending champion Ben Hogan, in honor of the last tournament champion. At that time 15 tournaments have been played, and the number of previous champions is 11. Officially known as the "Masters Club", it covers only the last winner of the Masters, although members selected from the Augusta National Golf Club have been included as honorary members, usually chairmen.
The defending champion, as the host, chose the menu for dinner. Often, Masters champions have served well-prepared dishes by Masters chefs from their home regions. Important examples have included haggis, served by Scotsman Sandy Lyle in 1989, and beratie, a South African dish, served on the orders of 2008 champion Trevor Immelman. Other examples include Germany's Wiener schnitzel in 1986 from Jane Bernhard Langer, Britain's Nick Faldo's fish and chips, Canada weeper and wild boar Mike Weir, and seafood vijay Singh tom kah and pan-chicken curry. In 1997, 1979 champion Fuzzy Zoeller created a media storm when he suggested Tiger Woods refrain from serving collard greens and fried chicken, a dish commonly associated with Afro-American culture, at dinner. Phil Mickelson's 2011 dinner was a Spanish-themed menu in the hope that Seve Ballesteros would be present, but he was too ill to be attended and died a few weeks later.
Caddies
Until 1983, all players in the Masters were required to use the services of Augusta National Club caddy, which by tradition club was always an African American man. Indeed, club founder Clifford Roberts is thought to have said, "As long as I am alive, golfers will become white, and caddies will become black." Since 1983, the players were allowed to bring their own caddy into the tournament.
The master requires caddies to wear a uniform consisting of a white jumpsuit, a green Masters hat, and white tennis shoes. The surname, and sometimes the first start, every player is found on the back of his caddy uniform. The defending champion always receives the caddy number "1": other golfers get their caddy numbers from the order in which they sign up for the tournament. Other departments and some previous PGA Tour events had similar policies on caddies until the 1970s; The US Open first allowed players to use their own caddies in 1976.
Other traditions
The day after the tournament closed, The Bobby Jones Scholars from The University of St Andrews in Scotland played a four-round ball on the pitch - the last person to do it before the greenkeepers started the fixing process and returned the lane to pre-standard tournaments.
Format
The Masters is the first major championship of the year. Since 1948, the final round is scheduled for the second Sunday in April, with some exceptions. It ended on the first Sunday four times (1952, 1957, 1958, 1959) and the 1979 and 1984 tournaments ended on April 15, the third Sunday of the month. The first edition in 1934 was held at the end of March and the next ten in early April, with only the 1942 event scheduled to end on the second Sunday.
Similar to other majors, this tournament consists of four rounds in 18 holes each, Thursday through Sunday (when there is no delay). The Master has a relatively small competitor field, when compared to other golf tournaments, so competitors compete in groups of three for the first two rounds (36 holes) and the pitch is not divided to start on tees 1 and 10, unless the weather shortens the playing time available. This tournament is unique as it is the only major tournament hosted by private clubs rather than a national golfing organization like PGA.
Initially, the Masters was the only tournament that used a pair of two players during the first two rounds. It was also the only event to be re-paired based on the leaderboard before Friday's round, as most tournaments only do this on weekends. The practice ended in the early 2000s, when the Masters switched to a more standard three-man group and the groups are now fixed on Friday, with players sharing the same playing partners in the second of the first two rounds.
After 36 holes of play, a cut-off score is calculated to reduce the size of the field for weekend rounds. To "make cut", players must be in the top 50 spots (counting relationships), or in 10 leader's sweepstakes. These criteria have been implemented since 2013. From 1957 to 1960, the top 40 scores (including ties) and those in the top ten blows made the cut. From 1961 to 2012, it was the top 44 (and ties) or in 10 steps. Before 1957, there were no 36-hole cuts and all invites played four rounds, if desired.
After the cut, 36 additional holes were played for the last two days. If the fourth round fails to produce the winner, all players who are bound to lead into the playoffs die abruptly. The play starts at the 18th hole, followed by 10 adjacent ones, repeating until one player remains. Adopted in 1976, a sudden dead playoff was initially formatted to start in the first hole, but was not needed for the first three years. It was changed for 1979 to nine holes into (end), beginning on the tenth tee, where television coverage began. First time working in the same year, the sudden death playoff of the Master ended with the eleventh green. The current setting, starting on the 18th tee, was changed for 2004 and first used the following year. Throughout 2017, eleven dead playoffs have suddenly not advanced through the second additional hole. The previous playoffs are 18 holes the next day, except the first in 1935, which is 36 holes; The last 18-hole playoff was in 1970, and no full playoff round went to the extra hole.
Course
Previous golf courses are plant nurseries and each hole is named according to the tree or shrub that has been linked Course layout in 2014:
Course length for Masters at the beginning of every decade:
The course was extended to 7,445 yards (6,808 m) in 2006. The first hole was shortened with 10 meters (9 m) in 2009, producing a current length of 7,435 yards (6,799 m).
Course customization
Like many other courses, Augusta National championship arrangements have been extended in recent years. In 2001, the course measured 6,925 meters (6,332 m) and was extended to 7,270 yards (6,648 m) for 2002, and again in 2006 to 7,445 yards (6,808 m); 520 meters (475 m) longer than the 2001 course. The changes attracted many critics, including the most successful players in Masters history, Jack Nicklaus, Arnold Palmer, Gary Player and Tiger Woods. Woods claims that "short beats will fight." Augusta National Hootie Johnson's chair was not distracted, stating, "We are comfortable with what we do with the golf course." After the practice round, Gary Player defended the change, saying, "There's a lot of criticism, but I think it's unfair so, now I've played it.... People basically have to hit the same second shot Jack Nicklaus must hit ) ".
Originally, the grass on the putting green was a wide-eyed Bermuda. Green lost speed, especially during the late 1970s, after the introduction of healthier Bermuda strains that were healthier, growing and growing thicker. In 1978, vegetables on line 3 were reconstructed with bentgrass, a narrow-bladed species that could be cut shorter, removing grains. After this test runs, the vegetables on the main course were replaced with bentgrass in time for the 1981 Masters. Bentgrass produced a faster putting surface, requiring the reduction of some green contour over time.
Just before the 1975 tournament, the usual creamy sand in the bunker was replaced by a now signed white feldspar. This is a quartz derivative of feldspar mining and shipped from North Carolina.
Field
The Master has the smallest field of the main championship, with 90-100 players. Unlike other majors, there are no alternatives or qualifying tournaments. This is an invite event, with invitations mostly issued automatically for players who meet published criteria. Top 50 players in Official World Golf Ranking are all invited.
The champions of the past have always qualified, but since 2002 the Augusta National Golf Club has banned them from continuing to participate in the elderly. A few later will be the beginning of honor.
- Invitation category
- View footnotes.
- Note: Category 7-11 is respected only if the participants retain their amateur status before the tournament.
- The Master Tournament Champion (lifetime)
- US. Open champion (five years)
- Open Winner (five years)
- PGA champion (five years)
- Winner of the Players Championship (three years)
- Current Olympic gold medalist (one year)
- Current US Amateur champion and runner-up
- The current British Amateur Winner
- The current Asia-Pacific Amateur Winner
- The current US Mid-Amateur Champion
- Current Latin American Amateur Champion
- The first 12 players, including ties, in the previous year's Masters Tournament
- The first 4 players, including ties, at the US Open last year
- The first 4 players, including ties, in last year's Open Championship
- The first 4 players, including ties, in the PGA Championship the previous year
- Winners of regular-season PGA Tour and playoff events that provide at least a full point allocation for FedEx Cup, starting with RBC Heritage a week after the Masters to Shell Houston Open the previous week.
- Those who qualify for the Tour Championship end of season the previous year (the top 30 in the FedEx Cup before the tournament)
- 50 leaders in the Official End of World Golf Rank for the previous calendar year
- 50 leaders in the Official World Golf Rank were published for a week before the current Master Tournament
Most of today's top players will meet the criteria of some categories for invitations. The Masters Committee, in its sole discretion, may also invite unqualified golfers, although in practice this invitation is currently reserved for international players.
- Changes since 2014
Changes for the 2014 tournament include an invitation now awarded for the fall event on the PGA Tour, which now begins the wraparound season, tightening qualification (the top 12 plus the ties from the Masters, the top 4 from the US Open, Open Championships and PGA Championships), and the top 30 on the PGA Tour is now referring to the final points of the season before the Tour Championship, not the previous annual money list. Masters 2015 added the winner of the newly established Latin American Amateur Championship, effectively replacing the exclusion for the United States Amateur Link Championship, which ended after the 2014 tournament. (The last Public Links champion plays in 2015 Masters.)
Champions
The first winner of the Masters Tournament was Horton Smith in 1934, and he repeated in 1936. The player with the most Masters win was Jack Nicklaus, who won six times between 1963 and 1986. Arnold Palmer and Tiger Woods each won four, and Jimmy Demaret, Gary Players, Sam Snead, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson have three titles on their behalf. The player was the first overseas winner of the tournament with his first victory in 1961. The two-time champion included Byron Nelson, Ben Hogan, Tom Watson, Seve Ballesteros, Bernhard Langer, Ben Crenshaw, JosÃÆ'Â © MarÃÆ'A OlazÃÆ'¡bal, and Bubba Watson.
- In the "Runner (s) -up" field, the years are sorted alphabetically, by country name (1) at the runner-up of that year or (2) the first registered player, in the years has many runners-up.
- The format of death was abruptly adopted in 1976, first used in 1979, and revised in 2004.
- None of the 11 sudden-play playoffs have advanced through the second hole; four were decided in the first hole, seven on the second.
- The playoffs before 1976 were a full round of 18 holes, except for 1935, which was 36 holes.
- None of the 6 full playoff rounds tied at the end of the round; the closest margin was one hit in 1942 and 1954.
- The playoff of 1962 included three players: Arnold Palmer (68), Gary Player (71), and Dow Finsterwald (77).
- The 1966 playoff includes three players: Jack Nicklaus (70), Tommy Jacobs (72), and Gay Brewer (78).
Low amateur
In 1952, Master began to award, known as the Silver Cup, to the amateurs with the lowest score to cut. In 1954 they began presenting an amateur silver medal to a lowly amateur runner-up. There are six players to win a lowly amateur and then go on to win the Masters as a professional. These players are Cary Middlecoff, Jack Nicklaus, Ben Crenshaw, Phil Mickelson, Tiger Woods, and Sergio Garca.
Recordings
Jack Nicklaus has won most Masters (six) and was 46 years old, when he was 82 when he won in 1986, making him the oldest winner of the Masters. Nicklaus is the record holder for the top tens, with 22, and the most cuts, with 37. The youngest Masters winner is Tiger Woods, 21, 104 years old when he won in 1997. That year Woods also broke the record for the widest winning margin (12 strokes), and the lowest winning score, with 270 (-18). Jordan Spieth tied his record score in 2015.
In 2013, Guan Tianlang became the youngest player ever to compete in the Masters, at the age of 14, 168 days on the opening day of the tournament; the next day, he became the youngest ever to cut in the Masters or other major men's championships.
Gary Player holds the record for most appearances, with 52. The player also holds the record for the number of successive cuts made, with 23 between 1959 and 1982 (The player did not compete in 1973 when he recovered from recent surgery). He shared this note with Fred Couples, who made consecutive cuts between 1983 and 2007, did not compete in 1987 and 1994.
Nick Price and Greg Norman shared record records of 63, with their respective rounds in 1986 and 1996.
The highest score of 289 (1) victories has occurred three times: Sam Snead in 1954, Jack Burke, Jr. in 1956, and Zach Johnson in 2007. Anthony Kim holds the record for most birdies in the round by 11 in 2009 during the second round.
There were only four double eagles carded in Masters history; the latest is by a competitor in the fourth round in 2012. In the second pair from behind with Bubba Watson's last champion, Louis Oosthuizen with 260 yards (238 m) down the 4 iron from the fairway making the left side green in the second par-5 hole, called Pink Dogwood , rolled down, and entered. Two other rare occurrences of this feat after Sarazen double eagle in the wicked Fire Thorn hole in 1935: Bruce Devlin made a double eagle from 248 meters (227 m) out with 4-wood in the eighth hole ( Yellow Jasmine ) in the first round in 1967, while Jeff Maggert crashed 3-iron 222 yards (203 m) in the 13th (Azalea) hole in the fourth round in 1994.
Three players share the record for most runners-up with four: Ben Hogan (1942, 1946, 1954, 1955), Tom Weiskopf (1969, 1972, 1974, 1975), Jack Nicklaus (1964, 1971, 1977, 1981)
Broadcasting
United States Television
CBS has been broadcasting TV shows in the United States every year since 1956, when using six cameras and only closing the last four holes. The tournament coverage of the first eight holes did not start until 1993 because of resistance from the tournament organizers, but in 2006, more than 50 cameras were used. Chairman Jack Stephens feels that the back nine is always more "interesting", increased coverage will increase the need for sponsorship spending, and that broadcasting nine courses on television will reduce the attendance and television viewing for the tournament. USA Network added the first and second rounds in 1982. In 2008, ESPN replaced USA as a coverage announcer early on. The broadcast uses CBS Sports production staff and commentators, but with ESPN's personality Scott Van Pelt (replacing Mike Tirico, who replaces Bill Macatee's similar role under the USA Network) as a studio host.
In 2005, CBS broadcasted tournaments with fixed cable cameras and high definition handhelds, as well as standard definition wireless handheld cameras. In 2006, a webstream named "Amen Corner Live" began providing coverage of all players passing through 11, 12 and 13 laps through all four rounds. This is the first full multi-hole web tournament of the major championships. In 2007, CBS added "Extra Masters," an extra hour of full field bonus coverage every day on the internet, before broadcast television. In 2008, CBS added full coverage of 15 and 16 holes directly on the web. In 2011, "Master Extra" was removed after officials gave ESPN an extra hour daily on Thursdays and Fridays. By 2016, Amen Corner's feeds are broadcast in a 4K ultra-high definition exclusively at DirecTV - as one of the first live US sports broadcasts in the format. The second channel of 4K coverage covering holes 15 and 16 was added in 2017, and this coverage will be produced in high dynamic distance video by 2018.
Although Augusta National Golf Club has consistently selected CBS as its U.S. broadcasting partner, it has done so on a one-year contract in a row. Former CBS Sports president Neal Pilson stated that their relationship has reached the point where the contract can be negotiated in just a few hours. Due to the lack of long-term contractual security, as well as the limited dependence of clubs on the cost of broadcasting rights (due to its prosperous membership), it is widely held that CBS allows Augusta National to better control broadcast content, or at least perform some form of self-censorship, to defend future rights. The club, however, has insisted it does not make any demands in connection with the content of the broadcast. Nevertheless, the announcers who had been deemed politely disrespectfully expected by the club were removed, especially Jack Whitaker and Gary McCord, and there also tended to lack discussions about controversies involving Augusta National, such as the 2003 Martha Burk protests.
Coverage itself brings a more formal style than any other golf show; broadcasters call the gallery as subscribers rather than as viewers or fans . Gallery itself is also used. The club also prohibits the promotion of other network programs, or other forms of sponsored features. Significant restrictions have been placed on the tournament broadcast hours compared to other major championships. New to the 21st century, the tournament allowed CBS to showcase the 18-hole coverage of leaders, standardized in three other majors. Since 1982, CBS has been using "Augusta" by Dave Loggins as the theme music of the broadcast. Loggins originally came up with the song during his first trip to the Augusta course in 1981.
Clubs require minimal commercial interruption, currently limited to four minutes per hour (compared to usually 12 or more); this is subsidized by selling exclusive sponsorship packages for two or three companies - currently "global sponsors" are AT & amp; T, IBM, and Mercedes-Benz. AT & amp; T (then SBC) and IBM have sponsored the tournament since 2005, first joined by ExxonMobil, which in 2014 was replaced as a global sponsor by Mercedes-Benz. In 2002, after a call to boycott the tournament sponsors of the controversy Martha Burk, club chairman Hootie Johnson suspended all television sponsors of the 2003 tournament. He argued that it was "unfair" to ask Masters sponsors to engage in controversy through association with the tournament, they are the Masters and not the Augusta National itself. CBS agreed to split production costs for tournaments with the club to cover the shortage of sponsors. After the arrangement continued into 2004, the tournament returned sponsorship for 2005, with new partners ExxonMobil, IBM, and SBC.
The club also sells separate sponsorship packages, which do not grant rights to air ads in the US show, to two "international partners"; in 2014, these companies are Rolex and UPS (the latter replacing Mercedes-Benz at the height of the company being a "global sponsor" status).
Radio coverage
WestwoodOne (formerly Dial Global and CBS Radio) has been providing radio-by-play live broadcasts in the United States since 1956. This coverage can also be heard on the official Master website. The network provides two or three minute updates throughout the tournament, as well as a longer three and four hour segment towards the end of the day.
International television
The BBC has been broadcasting Masters in the UK since 1986, and has also made radio comments live at the closing stages of Radio Five Live. With the launch of BBC HD 2007, UK viewers can now watch the championship in that format. BBC Sport holds TV and radio rights until 2010. BBC coverage aired without advertising as it was financed by licensing fees. From Masters 2011, Sky Sports began broadcasting for four days, as well as a par 3 contest on HD and, for the first time, in 3D. The BBC will only highlight the first two days of matches but will be face to face with Sky Sports, with full live coverage in the last two days of the game. In Ireland, Setanta Ireland has previously shown all four rounds, and now since 2017 Eir Sport broadcast all four rounds of life after previously broadcasting the opening of two rounds with RT â € "broadcasting the weekend coverage.
In Canada, the broadcasting rights for Masters are held by Bell Media, with coverage shared between TSN (cable), which carries live broadcast and CBS primetime recordings and ESPN coverage for all four rounds, CTV (broadcast), which broadcast CBS coverage from weekend rounds , and RDS, which carries French coverage. Prior to 2013, Canada's broadcasting rights were held by marketing company Graham Sanborn Media, who in turn purchased time on the Global Television Network, TSN and RDS (except for 2012 when the French-language coverage aired on TVA and TVA Sports) to broadcast the broadcast, all ads for Canadian broadcast. This is an unusual arrangement in Canadian sports broadcasts, because in many cases, broadcasters get their rights directly from the event organizers or through partnerships with international rights holders, such as ESPN International (ESPN has minority interests in TSN). In 2013, Global and TSN begin selling direct advertising, and additional co-produced programs that include tournaments (while still bringing US coverage to the tournament itself).
On December 15, 2015, TSN's parent company, Bell Media announced that it has secured Canada's exclusive rights to the tournament starting 2016 based on a multi-year deal. Broadcast television broadcasts move to a jointly owned CTV broadcast network, while TSN uses its extended five channel service to bring in additional feeds (including Amen Corner feeds and early coverage of each round) previously exclusive to the digital platform.
In 53 countries, including most of Latin America, broadcasting rights for the entire tournament are held by the ESPN International network.
Ticketing
Although tickets for Masters are not expensive, they are very hard to come by. Even a round of practice can be difficult. Applications for training round tickets should be made almost a year earlier and successful applicants are chosen by random voting. Tickets to actual tournaments are only sold to members of the customer list, which is closed. The waiting list for the customer list opened in 1972 and closed in 1978. It reopened in 2000 and then closed once again. In 2008, the Masters also began allowing children (between the ages of 8 and 16) to enter on free tournament days if they were accompanied by a patron who was the owner of his badge.
The difficulty of obtaining the Master badge has made this tournament one of the biggest events in the secondary ticket market. The majority of badges for Masters are sent to the same group of customers, fans and members every year, and these perpetual ticket holders sometimes decide to sell their badges through big ticket markets like StubHub, TicketCity, and VividSeats. Some of these markets will allow fans to purchase Master badges for one day, as opposed to a traditional 4 day pass.
See also
- Men's premier professional golf championship - Wikipedia books
References
External links
- Official website
- Master Tournament on Facebook
- Master Tournament on Instagram
- Augusta.com - coverage by The Augusta Chronicle
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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