Andrew Newell Wyeth ( WY -eth ; July 12, 1917 - January 16 , 2009) are visual artists, especially realist painters, who work predominantly in a regionalist style. He is one of the most famous US artists of the 20th century.
In his art, Wyeth's favorite subject is the land and the people around him, both in his hometown of Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, and at his summer home in Cushing, Maine. Wyeth often says: "I paint my life." One of the most famous images in American art of the 20th century is his painting of Christina's World, currently in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. This temple was painted in 1948, when Wyeth was 31 years old.
Video Andrew Wyeth
Biography
Childhood
Andrew is the youngest of five illustrator children and N.C. (Newell Convers) Wyeth and his wife, Carolyn Bockius Wyeth. He was born July 12, 1917, on Henry David Thoreau's 100th birthday. Because of the excellent appreciation of N.C. against Henry David Thoreau, he found this both by chance and exciting. N.C. is an attentive father, fostering each child's interests and talents. The family is close, spending time reading together, walking around, cultivating "proximity to nature" and developing feelings for the history of the Wyeth family.
Andrew was guided at home because of his weak health. Like his father, the young Wyeth read and appreciated Robert Frost's poetry and Henry David Thoreau's writings and studied their relationship with nature. Music and movies also increase their artistic sensitivity. One of the major influences, discussed at length by Wyeth himself, is King Vidor The Big Parade . He claims to have seen the film, which depicts family dynamics similar to his own, "one hundred and eighty times" and believes it has the greatest influence on his work. Vidor then made a documentary, Metaphor , in which he and Wyeth discussed the effects of the film on his paintings, including Winter 1946 , Snow Flurries , > Portrait of Ralph Kline and Daylight Flight on Tree.
Wyeth's father is the only teacher he has. Being educated at home, he leads a sheltered life and is "obsessively obsessed". Wyeth recalls the moment: "Pa got me almost in jail, just made me alone in my own world, and he will not let anyone in. I'm almost made to live in Sherwood Forest Robin Hood with Maid Marion and the rebels."
In the 1920s, Wyeth's father became a celebrity, and the family often had celebrities as guests, such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and Mary Pickford. The house is busy with creative activity and competition. Children N.C. and Carolyn, all talented. Henriette Wyeth Hurd, the oldest, became a famous and still living portrait painter. Carolyn, the second child, was also a painter. Nathaniel Wyeth, the third child, was a successful inventor. Ann is a musician at a young age and became a composer as an adult. Andrew is the youngest child.
N.C. Wyeth Guide
Wyeth started drawing at a young age. He was a draftsman before he could read. By the time he was a teenager, his father took him to his studio for the only art lesson he had ever had. N.C. inspired his son's love with rural scenes, romance, and artistic traditions. Although illustrating is not the desire he wants to pursue, Wyeth produces illustrations under his father's name as a teenager.
With his father's guidance, he mastered the study of figures and watercolor, and then studied tempera eggs from his brother-in-law, Peter Hurd. He studied his own art history, admiring many Renaissance masters and American paintings, especially Winslow Homer.
N.C. It also fosters inner self-esteem to follow their own talents without thinking about how the work is received. N.C wrote in a letter to Wyeth in 1944:
Great people [Thoreau, Goethe, Emerson, Tolstoy] forever radiate a sharp sense of the deep needs of an artist, to fully understand that the consequences of what he created are of no importance. Allow the motive to act in the action itself and not in the event. I know from my own experience that when I create with whatever level of strength and beauty I do not think about the consequences. Anyone who creates for effects - to print a punch - do not know what's missing!
In the same letter, N.C. correlated to being a great person by becoming a great painter: To be a great artist, he describes, requires emotional depth, an openness to look beyond himself to the subject, and passion. A great painting is one that enriches and broadens one's perspective.
In October 1945, his father and his three-year-old niece, Newell Convers Wyeth II (b. 1941), were killed when their car stopped on a railroad near their home and struck by a train. Wyeth refers to his father's death as a formative emotional event in his artistic career, in addition to being a personal tragedy. Shortly after, Wyeth's art was consolidated into his mature and immortal style.
Marriage and children
In 1940, Wyeth married Betsy James, whom he met in 1939 in Maine. Christina Olson, who will be the model for Christina's World icon, meets Wyeth through an introduction by Betsy. His wife, Betsy, had an influence on Andrew as strong as his father. He plays an important role in managing his career. He was once quoted as saying, "I am a director and I have the greatest actor in the world."
Their first child, Nicholas, was born in 1943, followed by James ("Jamie") three years later. Wyeth painted portraits of two children ( Nicholas his eldest son and Farum his youngest son).
His son Jamie Wyeth follows in the footsteps of his father and grandfather, becoming the third generation of Wyeth artists.
"Three Generations of Wyeth Art"
N.C. Wyeth is an illustrator famous for his work photographed in magazines, posters, and commercials. He also made illustrations for books like Treasure Island and The Last of the Mohicans. "Andrew will be a role model and teacher for his son Jamie that his father, NC, has for him, their story and artistic history are told in James H. Duff's American Vision: Three Generations of Wyeth Art .
Death
On January 16, 2009, Andrew Wyeth died in his sleep at Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, after a brief illness. She's 91 years old.
Maps Andrew Wyeth
Work
In 1937, at the age of twenty, Wyeth held the first one-man watercolor exhibition at Gallery Macbeth in New York City. The entire inventory of the paintings was sold out, and his way of life seemed certain. His style is different from his father: more reserves, "drier," and more limited in color range. He expressed his belief that "the great danger of Pyle's school is making pictures." He did some book illustrations early in his career, but not so far as N.C. Wyeth.
Wyeth is a visual artist, primarily classed as a realist painter, like Winslow Homer or Eakins. In his Life Magazine article in 1965, Wyeth said that although he is considered a realist, he considers himself an abstraction: "My people, my object breathes in a different way: there is another essence - - an obviously abstract joy.God, when you really start seeing something, a simple object, and realize the deep meaning of it - if you have emotions about it, there is no end. "
He works dominantly in a regionalist style. In his art, Wyeth's favorite subject is the land and the people around him, both in his hometown of Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, and at his summer home in Cushing, Maine.
Splitting his time between Pennsylvania and Maine, Wyeth retains the style of realist painting for over seventy years. He is interested in some identifiable subject matter and landscape models. Its solitary streets are the primary means of inspiration for its landscape. He developed extraordinary intimacy with land and sea and fought for spiritual understanding based on unspoken history and emotions. He usually makes dozens of studies on the subject with a loose pencil or watercolor before executing a finished painting, either in watercolor, a dry brush (watercolor style in which water is squeezed from a brush), or an egg tempera.
Christina Olson
It was at Olson's farm in Cushing, Maine, that he painted Christina's World (1948). Perhaps his most famous image, it describes his neighbor, Christina Olson, lying on a dry field overlooking her home in the distance. Wyeth was inspired by Christina, who, paralyzed from (not diagnosed) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, genetic and non-running genetic polyneuropathy, spends most of her time at home.
Olson's house has been preserved and renovated to match her appearance at Christina's World . It is open to the public as part of the Farnsworth Art Museum.
Wyeth created nearly 300 drawings, watercolors and tempers at Olson from 1937 until the late 1960s. Due to Wyeth's popularity, the property was designated as a National Historic Landmark in June 2011.
Kuerner Farm
In the early 1930s, Wyeth began painting Anna and Karl Kuerner, his neighbor at Chadds Ford. Like Olsons, Kuerner and their farms are one of Wyeth's most important subjects for nearly 50 years. As a teenager, Wyeth will run in the hills at Kuerner Farm. Soon, he became close friends with Karl and Anna. Finally, they invite Wyeth to their home. Inside, Wyeth documents Kuerners, their homes, and their lives.
Wyeth states about the Kerner Plantation, "I do not think it's a beautiful place, it just makes me excited, purely abstract and pure emotionally."
The Kuerner Farm is available for guided tours through the Brandywine River Museum, such as the nearby N.C Wyeth House and Studio; in 2011, the farm was declared a National Historic Landmark, based on its relationship to Wyeth.
Helga's Painting
In 1986, extensive coverage was given to the revelation of a series of 247 studies of Helga Testorf born in Germany, which Wyeth met when he visited Karl Kuerner in his field. Wyeth painted it during the period 1971-1985 without the knowledge of Helga's wife or husband, John Testorf. Helga, a nanny with nursing experience, has never been a model before but quickly became comfortable with a long period of pose, where she watched and painted it intimately. The pictures of Helga are not a clear psychological study of this subject, but more extensive studies of the physical landscape are laid out in the Wyeth customary landscape. He is almost always described as not smiling and passive; however, within the deliberate limits, Wyeth manages to convey the character of quality and subtle moods, as he does in many of his best portraits. Extensive study of one subject in different contexts and emotional states is unique in American art.
In 1986, Philadelphia publisher and millionaire, Leonard E.B. Andrews (1925-2009) bought almost the entire collection, preserving it intact. Wyeth has given some of Helga's paintings to friends, including the famous Lovers, who have been given as gifts for Wyeth's wife. His works were exhibited at the National Art Gallery in 1987 and on a nationwide tour. There was a lot of criticism against the 1987 exhibition and the next tour. The show was "denounced" as an "absurd error" by John Russell and "basically no taste" by Jack Flam, who came to be seen by some as a "traumatic event for the museum." The curator, Neil Harris, labeled "the most polarized exhibition of the National Gallery in the late 1980s," acknowledged concerns over "the voyeuristic aura of the Helga exhibition."
The tour was criticized after the fact because, once it was over, the owner of the picture sold his entire cache to a Japanese company, a transaction characterized by Christopher Benfey as "rude."
In a 2007 interview, when Wyeth was asked if Helga would be present at her 90th birthday party, she said, "Yes, of course, Oh, of course," and then said, "She is part of the family now. it's everyone's surprise.that's what I like, it really shocks them. "
Other major works
- Inspired by watercolor Winslow Homer, Wyeth paints an impressionistic watercolor, Coot Hunter , around 1933. There he experiments with "light and motion effect".
- Public Sale (1943, Philadelphia Art Museum), is one of his first tempera paintings.
- After the death of N.C. Wyeth, his work began to melancholy. Wyeth painted the 1946 Winter (1946, North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, 1946), depicting a neighbor boy, Allan Lynch, running aimlessly down a grim hill, his hand reaching out. His job location is the other side of the hill where his father died and represents an appalling and falling loss.
- Adam (1963, Brandywine Museum), Neighboring tempura paintings living near Wyeth
- Brown Swiss (1957, private collection) was one of many paintings he made from the 1950s to the 1970s on the farms of Karl and Anna Kuerner at Chadds Ford. While the painting was named after Brown Switzerland, the cow Karl Kuerner, showed the Kuerner farmhouse and the reflection of the house in the farm pond. However, Wyeth finally decided not to include the cow in the painting; just trail them in the remaining grass.
- In 1958, Andrew and Betsy Wyeth bought and restored "The Mill", a group of 18th-century buildings that often appeared in his work, including Night Sleeper (1979, private collection). Mill Brinton was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
- Garret Room , (1962, private collection) begins with watercolor and finishes with a drybrush technique.
- Wyeth began adding portraits in the 1960s, such as In Studio (1965), her sister's drybrush portrait, Carolyn.
- In works like The Patriot, portrait of Ralph Cline, Wyeth looks beyond the surface to understand who he is painting. Klein is an interesting man, 71 years old, from Native American heritage and Maine humor. He wore a big hat and canal and chewed tobacco. It was through his paintings, though, that Wyeth understood that, under his humor and harsh faces, Klein was a veteran who was generous with dignity and high intelligence.
- When Christina Olson died in the winter of 1969, Wyeth focused her artistic attention on Siri Erickson, capturing her naked innocence in The Sauna. That is the introduction to the painting of Helga.
- Ring Road (1985) reflects the earth tone that Wyeth used throughout his career.
- Raven's Grove (1985) is a prime example of Wyeth's mastery of the egg tempera, relating it to the long history of the sacred image. Its precise placement combined with its ability to create depth through the use of well-considered detail is evident in this section.
Critical reaction
Wyeth's art has long been controversial. He developed works that were technically beautiful, had many followers and developed great luck as a result. But there are conflicting views by critics, curators and historians about the importance of their work. Art historian Robert Rosenblum was asked in 1977 to identify the most "overrated and underrated" artists of the 20th century. He gave a name for both categories: Andrew Wyeth.
Wyeth art admirers believe that his paintings, in addition to their formal beauty, have a powerful emotional stream, symbolic content, and an underlying abstraction. Most art observers agree that he is good at handling tempera egg medium (which uses egg yolk as a medium) and watercolor. Wyeth avoids using traditional oil paint. The use of light and shadow allows the subject to illuminate the canvas. The paintings and titles show sound, as implied in many paintings, including Distant Thunder (1961) and Spring Fed (1967). Christina World becomes iconic image, unfulfilled status and even the best painting, "which is listed as an emotional and cultural reference point in the minds of millions of people."
Wyeth created a work in contrast to abstraction, which earned currency in American art and critical thinking in the mid-20th century.
The exhibition of the Wyeth painting museum has set records of attendance, but many art critics have rated his work poorly. Peter Schjeldahl, an art critic for The Village Voice , scoffs at his paintings as "Formulas, not so effective even as illustrative" realism. " Some people discover the art of Wyeth about a tired and overly sweet country subject.
N.C. advises Wyeth to work from his own point of view and imagination; working for "effects" means the artist does not fully explore their artistic abilities and, as a result, the artist will not realize their potential.
Museum collection
The work of Andrew Wyeth is located at:
- A collection of most American museums, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York City; National Art Gallery; Metropolitan Museum of Art; Whitney Museum of American Art; Cincinnati Art Museum; Smithsonian American Art Museum, Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City; Arkansas Art Center in Little Rock; and Muscarelle Museum of Art in Williamsburg, VA. President George W. Bush and Laura Bush adorn the White House in Washington, D.C. with Wyeth painting from their collection.
- Especially the large collection of the Brandywine River Museum in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania; Farnsworth Art Museum in Rockland, Maine; and Greenville County Museum of Art in Greenville, South Carolina.
- Collection of museums around the world, including the National Modem Art Museum in Tokyo; Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg Petersburg; Palazzo Reale in Milan; and the Acadà ©  © nie des Beaux Arts in Paris, among many other museums.
Awards and awards
Wyeth is a recipient of numerous awards and awards:
- 2007, National Art Medal
- 1988, Congress Gold Medal, the highest civilian honor awarded by the United States legislature
- 1987, D.F.A. from Bates College
- 1980, the first American artist to live for election at the Royal Academy of England
- 1977, the first American artist since John Singer Sargent was elected at the French Acadà ©  © nie des Beaux-Arts
- 1965, a gold medal for painting from the National Institute of Art and Literature
- 1963, the first painter to receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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