Ray Douglas Bradbury (August 22, 1920 - June 5, 2012) is an American writer and screenwriter. He works in a variety of genres, including fantasy, science fiction, horror, and mystery fiction.
Widely recognized for his novel dystopian Fahrenheit 451 (1953), and his science fiction and horror collection, The Martian Chronicles (1950), The Illustrated Man 1951), and I Sing the Body Electric (1969), Bradbury is one of America's most famous 20th-century and 21st-century writers. While most of his most famous works are in speculative fiction, he also writes in other genres, such as the Dandelion Wine (1957) and Green Memory fiction memoirs of Green Shadows, the White Pope (1992).
Award recipients, including Pulitzer Citation 2007, Bradbury also wrote and consulted about scripts and television scripts, including Moby Dick and It Coming from Outer Space. Much of his work is adapted to comic book format, television, and movies.
On his death in 2012, The New York Times called Bradbury "the most responsible writer to bring modern science fiction into the literary genre".
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Bradbury was born on August 22, 1920, in Waukegan, Illinois, to Esther (nÃÆ' Â © e Moberg) Bradbury (1888-1966), a Swedish immigrant, and Leonard Spaulding Bradbury (1890-1957), an electrical lineman and an English-speaking telephone lineage. He was given the middle name of "Douglas" after actor Douglas Fairbanks. Bradbury is associated with American Shakespeare scientist Douglas Spaulding and handed down from Mary Bradbury, who was tried in one of Salem's witch trials in 1692.
Bradbury is surrounded by a large family during his childhood and formative in Waukegan. An Aunt read a short story when he was a kid. This period provides the basis for the author and his story. In Bradbury's fictional work, Waukegan in 1920 became the "Green City", Illinois.
The Bradbury family lived in Tucson, Arizona, during 1926-1927 and 1932-1933 while their father pursued a job, each time returning to Waukegan. They finally settled in Los Angeles in 1934 when Bradbury was 14 years old. The family arrived with only US $ 40, who paid rent and food until his father finally found a wire making job at the cable company for $ 14 a week. This means they can stay, and Bradbury - who falls in love with Hollywood - is very excited.
Bradbury attended the Los Angeles High School and was active in the drama club. He often skates in Hollywood in the hope of meeting celebrities. Among the creative and talented people that Bradbury met was the pioneer of Ray Harryhausen's special effects and the radio star George Burns. Bradbury's first payoff as a writer, at the age of 14, was for the joke he sold to George Burns for use on the Burns and Allen radio show.
Maps Ray Bradbury
Influences
Literature
Throughout his youth, Bradbury was an avid reader and writer and knew at a young age that he "went into one of the arts." Bradbury began writing his own stories at the age of 11 (1931), during the Great Depression - sometimes just writing on the available paper, butcher paper.
In his youth, he spent much time at Carnegie's library in Waukegan, reading writers like H. G. Wells, Jules Verne, and Edgar Allan Poe. At 12, Bradbury began writing traditional horror stories and said he tried to imitate Poe until he was about 18 years old. In addition to comics, he loves Edgar Rice Burroughs, creator of Tarzan of the Apes, especially Burroughs' John Carter of Mars series. The Warlord of Mars impressed him so much that at the age of 12 he wrote his own sequel. Young Bradbury is also a cartoonist and likes to illustrate. He wrote about Tarzan and drew his own Sunday panel. He listened to Chiar the Witch radio show, and every night when the show started, he would sit down and write the entire script from memory.
As a teenager in Beverly Hills, he often visits his mentor and science fiction writer, Bob Olsen, shares ideas and maintains contact. In 1936, at a secondhand bookstore in Hollywood, Bradbury found a leaflet promoting the Los Angeles Science Fiction Society meeting. Eager to find anyone else sharing his interests, Bradbury joins the weekly Thursday nightclub concoction at the age of 16.
At the age of 17, Bradbury read stories published in Aston Science Fiction, and read them all by Robert A. Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, and early writings of Theodore Sturgeon and A. E. van Vogt. Bradbury cites H. G. Wells and Jules Verne as major science fiction influences. Bradbury identifies with Verne, saying, "He believes humans are in a strange situation in a very strange world, and he believes that we can win by behaving morally". Bradbury admitted that he stopped reading science fiction books in his 20s and embraced a vast field of literature that included Alexander Pope and poet John Donne. Bradbury had just graduated from high school when he met Robert Heinlein, then aged 31 years. Bradbury remembers, "He is famous, and he wrote humanistic science fiction, which influenced me to dare to be human, not mechanic."
Hollywood
The family lives about four blocks from Uptown Theater on Western Avenue in Los Angeles, the main theater for MGM and Fox. There, Bradbury learned how to sneak in and watch the previews almost every week. She rolled over there, as well as across the city, as she said, "desperate to get autographs of glamorous stars. Among the young Bradbury stars very happy to meet are Norma Shearer, Laurel and Hardy, and Ronald Colman. Sometimes, he spends all day in front of Paramount Pictures or Columbia Pictures and then slides into Brown Derby to watch the stars coming and going to eat. She tells of seeing Cary Grant, Marlene Dietrich, and Mae West, whom she learns to make regular performances every Friday night, bodyguards behind her.
Bradbury relates the following encounter with Sergei Bondarchuk, director of the Soviet epic film series War and Peace, at a Hollywood awards ceremony in honor of Bondarchuk:
They formed a long line and when Bondarchuk walked, he recognized some people: "Oh Mr. Ford, I love your movie." He recognized the director, Greta Garbo, and others. I stood at the end of the queue and quietly watched this. Bondarchuk yelled at me; "Ray Bradbury, is that you?" She hurried toward me, hugged me, dragged me inside, took a bottle of Stolichnaya, sat at her desk where her closest friends sat. All the famous Hollywood directors are in a confused queue. They looked at me and asked each other, "Who is this Bradbury?" And, swear, they left, leaving me alone with Bondarchuk...
Careers
The first story published by Bradbury is "Hollerbochen's Dilemma", which appeared in January 1938 the number of fanzine Forrest J. Ackerman Imagination! . In July 1939, Ackerman gave Bradbury a 19-year-old money to travel to New York for the First World Science Fiction Convention in New York City, and financed Bradbury's fanzine, titled Futuria Fantasia. Bradbury writes most of the four problems, each limited to under 100 copies. Between 1940 and 1947, he was a contributor to Rob Wagner's film magazine, Script .
Bradbury was free to start a writing career, when because of his poor eyesight, he was denied entry into the military during World War II. After being inspired by science fiction heroes like Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers, Bradbury began publishing science fiction stories in fanzines in 1938. Bradbury was invited by Forrest J. Ackerman to attend the Los Angeles Science Fiction Society, which at the time met at Clifton's Cafeteria at the center the city of Los Angeles. This is where he meets writers Robert A. Heinlein, Emil Petaja, Fredric Brown, Henry Kuttner, Leigh Brackett, and Jack Williamson.
In 1939, Bradbury joined the Wilshire Players Guild of Laraine Day, where for two years, he wrote and acted in several dramas. They, as Bradbury described, "was incredibly bad" so he stopped playing for two decades. Bradbury's first paid work, "Pendulum", written with Henry Hasse, was published in the porridge magazine Super Scientific Story in November 1941, where he earned $ 15.
Bradbury sold his first story, "The Lake", for $ 13.75 at 22, and became a full-time 24-year writer. His first set of short stories, Dark Carnival , was published in 1947 by Arkham House. , a small press in Sauk City, Wisconsin, owned by author August Derleth. Reviewing the Dark Carnival for New York Herald Tribune, Will Cuppy declared Bradbury "fit for general consumption" and predicted that he would become the writer of the British fantasy caliber writer John The coal carrier vessel.
After the rejection notice of Weird Tales pulp, Bradbury submitted "Homecoming" to Mademoiselle, discovered by a young editorial assistant named Truman Capote. Capote took Bradbury's manuscript from a pile of mud, which led to his publication. Mudik won a place in the O. Henry Award Stories of 1947.
At UCLA's Powell Library, in a study room with typewriters for hire, Bradbury writes his classic story about a future burning book, The Fireman , which is about 25,000 words in length. It was then published about 50,000 words under the name of Fahrenheit 451 , for a total cost of $ 9.80, due to the cost of a ten-cent per hour clock library.
A chance meeting at a Los Angeles bookstore with British expatriate writer Christopher Isherwood gave Bradbury the opportunity to put the Martian Chronicles into the hands of a respected critic. Isherwood's glowing reviews follow.
Write
Bradbury relates two incidents to his daily writing habits. The first, happening when he was three, was his mother taking him to see Lon Chaney's performance on The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The second incident occurred in 1932, when a carnival entertainer, one of Mr. Electrico, touched a young man in the nose with an electrically sworded sword, made his hair stand upright, and shouted, "Live forever!" Bradbury commented, "I feel there is something strange and beautiful happening to me because of my meeting with Mr. Electrico... [he] gave me the future... I started writing, full time I have written every day of my life since that day 69 years ago. "At that age, Bradbury first started doing magic, which was his first big love. If he does not find the writing, he will become a magician.
Bradbury claims a variety of influences, and illustrates the discussions he may have with his favorite poets and authors, Robert Frost, William Shakespeare, John Steinbeck, Aldous Huxley, and Thomas Wolfe. From Steinbeck, he said that he learned "how to write objectively and insert all insights without too many comments". He studied Eudora Welty for "an amazing ability to give you atmosphere, character, and motion in one line". Bradbury's growing favorite authors include Katherine Anne Porter, writing about South America, Edith Wharton, and Jessamyn West.
Bradbury was once described as "the Midwest Surrealist" and is often labeled a science fiction writer, whom he describes as "possible art." Bradbury rejects the categorization, however:
First of all, I do not write science fiction. I only do one science fiction book and that is Fahrenheit 451 , based on reality. Science fiction is a real depiction. Fantasy is an unreal portrayal. So Martian Chronicles is not science fiction, it's a fantasy. That can not happen, understand? That is the reason why it will last long - because it is a Greek myth, and myth remains in power.
Bradbury recounts when he came alone as a writer, that afternoon he wrote a short story about his first encounter with death. When he was little, he met a young girl on the beach and she went to the water and never came back. Years later, when he writes about it, tears flow from him. He admits he has taken the leap from imitating many writers whom he admired to connect with his voice as a writer.
When asked about prose lyrical strength, Bradbury replied, "From reading so many poems every day of my life, my favorite writers are those who have said things well." He was quoted as saying, "If you are reluctant to cry, you will not lead a full and whole life."
In high school, Bradbury was active in poetry clubs and drama clubs, continuing his plans to become an actor, but became serious about his writing during his high school years. Bradbury graduated from Los Angeles High School, where he took poetry classes with Snow Longley Housh, and a short story writing course taught by Jeannet Johnson. The teachers acknowledge his talent and advance his interest in writing, but he does not attend college. Instead, he sold newspapers on the corner of South Norton Avenue and Olympic Boulevard. In connection with his education, Bradbury said:
The library brought me up. I do not believe in colleges and universities. I believe in the library because most students have no money. When I graduated from high school, it was during the Depression and we had no money. I can not go to college, so I go to the library three days a week for 10 years.
He told The Paris Review: "You can not learn to write on campus, this is a very bad place for writers because teachers always think they know more than you do - and they do not."
Bradbury describes his inspiration as, "My story runs and bites me in the foot - I respond by writing it down - everything that happens during the bite, when I'm done, the idea lets go and run."
"Green City"
A reinvention from Waukegan, Green Town is a security and home symbol, often paired as a contrasting background for fantasy or threats. It serves as the classic setting of semiautobiography, Dandelion Wine, Something Badly Ways It Comes, and Summer Farewell, as well as in its many short stories. In Green Town, Bradbury's favorite uncle cultivated wings, traveling carnivals hiding supernatural powers, and his grandparents provided rooms and boards for Charles Dickens. Perhaps the most certain use of a pseudonym for his hometown, in Summer Morning, Summer Night, a collection of short stories and exclusive sketches of Green Town, Bradbury returned to the local signature as a look back at the rapidly disappearing world the small town of the heart of America, which is the foundation of its roots.
Cultural contribution
Bradbury writes many short essays on culture and art, attracting the attention of critics in this field, but he uses his fiction to explore and criticize his culture and society. Bradbury observed, for example, that Fahrenheit 451 touched on the alienation of people by the media:
In writing a short novel Fahrenheit 451 I think I describe a world that may develop in four or five decades. But just a few weeks ago, in Beverly Hills one night, a husband and wife passed me, walking with their dog. I stood staring at them, utterly astonished. The woman holds a small radio the size of a cigarette, her antenna vibrates. From this came a small copper cable that ended with a thin cone mounted to his right ear. There he, regardless of man and dog, listens to a lot of wind and whispers and soap operas weeps, sleepwalks, helps up and down curbs by a husband who may not even be there. This is not fiction.
Bradbury states that this novel works as a critique of the development of political truth in the future:
How was the story of Fahrenheit 451 established in 1994?
R.B.: It works better because we have the political right now. Political precision is the real enemy right now. Black groups want to control our thinking and you can not say certain things. Homosexual groups do not want you to criticize them. This is considered the control and freedom of speech control.
In his 1982 essay, he wrote, "People are asking me to predict the Future, when all I want to do is prevent it". This intention has been expressed earlier by other authors, who occasionally relate it to him.
On May 24, 1956, Bradbury appeared on television in Hollywood on the popular Your Bet Your Life quiz show hosted by Groucho Marx. During the airborne commentary and banter with Marx, Bradbury briefly discusses some of his books and works, including providing an overview of "The Veldt," a short story published six years earlier at The Saturday Evening Post the title "The World the Children Made".
Bradbury was a consultant to the American Pavilion at the 1964 New York World Exposition and the original exhibition housed in space at Epcot's Earth Spaceship at Walt Disney World. Bradbury concentrated on detective fiction in the 1980s. In the second half of the 1980s and early 1990s, he also hosted The Ray Bradbury Theater, a television anthology series aired on his short story.
Bradbury is a strong proponent of the public library system, raising money to prevent the closure of several libraries in California that face budget cuts. He said "the library raised me," and away from colleges and universities, comparing his own shortcomings during the Depression with poor contemporary students. His opinions vary on modern technology. In 1985 Bradbury wrote, "I saw nothing but good from computers, and when they first appeared on the screen, people said, 'Oh my God, I'm so scared.' I hate people like that - I call them neo-Luddites ", and" In a sense, [computers] are just books, books are everywhere, and computers are going to be ". He declined the conversion of his work into an e-book, saying in 2010, "We have too many phones, we have too much internet, we have to get rid of those machines, we have too many machines now". When the publishing rights to Fahrenheit 451 appeared for renewal in December 2011, Bradbury allows publishing in electronic form provided that publisher Simon & amp; Schuster, enables e-books to be digitally downloaded by any library patron. The title remains the only book on Simon & amp; Which Schuster catalog is possible.
Some comic book writers have adapted Bradbury's story. Particularly recorded among them are the comedy comedy horror and science fiction from the European Commission. Initially, the authors plagiarized their stories, but Bradbury's diplomatic letters about it caused the company to pay him and negotiate legitimate licensed adaptations of his work. Comics featuring Bradbury stories include Stories from Crypt , Strange Science , Strange Fantasy , Susperfects Crime , and Haunt of Fear .
Bradbury remains an enthusiastic playwright throughout his life, leaving behind a rich theatrical heritage, as well as literature. Bradbury heads the Pandemonium Theater Company in Los Angeles for many years and has a five-year relationship with the Fremont Center Theater in South Pasadena.
Bradbury featured prominently in two documentaries relating to the 1950s classic 1950s era: Jason V Brock Charles Beaumont: The Life of Twilight Zone's Magic Man , detailing his problem with Rod Serling, and his friendship with author Charles Beaumont, George Clayton Johnson, and especially his close friend William F. Nolan, as well as Brock's The AckerMonster Chronicles! , which explores the lives of former Bradbury agents, close friends, mega-fans, and Famous Filmland Monster Editor Forrest J Ackerman.
The legacy of Bradbury is celebrated by Fahrenheit Bookstore 451 Books in Laguna Beach, California, in the 1970s and 1980s. The opening of the pavilion over the store was attended by Bradbury and his favorite illustrator, Joseph Mugnaini, in the mid-1980s. The store closed its doors in 1987, but in 1990, another store of the same name (with different owners) opened in Carlsbad, California.
In the 1980s and 90s, Bradbury served on the advisory board of the Los Angeles Student Film Institute.
Personal life
Bradbury married Marguerite McClure (January 16, 1922 - November 24, 2003) from 1947 until his death; they have four daughters: Susan, Ramona, Bettina, and Alexandra. Bradbury never gets a driving license, but relies on public transportation or his bicycle. She stayed at home until the age of 27 and married. His 56-year-old wife, Maggie, as she called, was the only Bradbury woman ever to date.
He was baptized by his parents, who also rarely went to church. As an adult, Bradbury considers himself a "devout believer" who rejects the categorization of his faith and takes guidance from both Eastern and Western religions. She feels that her career is "God-given, and I am very grateful, very, very thankful." The best description of my career as a writer is 'Playing in God's field.'
Bradbury is a close friend of Charles Addams, and Addams illustrates the first Bradbury story about Elliotts, a family similar to the Addams Addams Family stationed in rural Illinois. Bradbury's first story about them was "Homecoming", published in 1946 Halloween issue of Mademoiselle, with Addams illustrations. Addams and he planned a larger collaborative work that would tell the family complete history, but never materialized, and according to an interview in 2001, they split up. In October 2001, Bradbury published all the Family stories he wrote in a book with a connecting narrative, From the Dust Returned , which featured the cover covers of the original "Homecoming" cover.
Another close friend is animator Ray Harryhausen, who is the best man at Bradbury's wedding. During the award of the BAFTA 2010 award in honor of Harry Harryhausen's 90th birthday, Bradbury spoke of Harryhausen's first encounter at Forrest J Ackerman's home when they were both 18 years old. Their love of science fiction, King Kong , and the film directed by King Vidor The Fountainhead , written by Ayn Rand, is the beginning of lifelong friendships. This initial influence inspires couples to believe in themselves and affirms their career choices. After their first meeting, they stay in touch at least once a month, in a friendship that lasts for more than 70 years.
At the end of his life, Bradbury retained his dedication and passion despite what he described as "the destruction of sickness and the death of many good friends." Among the saddest losses of Bradbury is the death of Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry, who has been a close friend for many years. They remained close friends for nearly three decades after Roddenberry asked him to write for Star Trek, which Bradbury never did, objecting that he "never had the ability to adapt other people's ideas into sensible form. "
Bradbury suffered a stroke in 1999 that made him depend partially on a wheelchair for mobility. Nevertheless, he continued to write, and even wrote an essay for The New Yorker, about his inspiration for writing, published only a week before his death. Bradbury made regular appearances at science fiction conventions until 2009, when he retired from the circuit.
Bradbury chose a cemetery at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles, with a headstone that read "Author Fahrenheit 451". On February 6, 2015, The New York Times reported that the house where Bradbury lived and written for 50 years in his life, at 10265 Cheviot Drive in Cheviot Hills, Los Angeles, California, has been destroyed. by buyer, architect Thom Mayne.
Death
Bradbury died in Los Angeles, California, on June 5, 2012, at the age of 91, after a long illness. Bradbury's private library is required to the Waukegan Public Library, where he has many formative reading experiences.
The New York Times calls Bradbury "the most responsible writer to bring modern science fiction into the literary genre." The Los Angeles Times credits Bradbury with the ability "to write lyrically and inspire a distant imagination, a world that he anchors here and now with a sense of visual clarity and small-town familiarity." Bradbury's grandson, Danny Karapetian, says that Bradbury's works have "influenced so many artists, writers, teachers, scientists, and it's always really touching and entertaining to hear their stories." The Washington Post notes some of the modern technologies that Bradbury had imagined earlier in his writing, such as the idea of ​​bank ATMs and earbuds and Bluetooth headsets from Fahrenheit 451 , and the concept of artificial intelligence in > I Sing the Body Electric .
On June 6, 2012, in an official statement from the White House Press Office, President Barack Obama said:
For many Americans, the news of Ray Bradbury's death immediately reminds the images of his work, imprinted in our minds, often from a young age. His gifts to storytelling change our culture and expand our world. But Ray also understands that our imagination can be used as a tool for better understanding, the vehicle for change, and the expression of our most precious values. There is no doubt that Ray will continue to inspire more generations with his writing, and our thoughts and prayers with his family and friends.
Many Bradbury fans reward authors, noting the influence of their work on their careers and their own creations. Filmmaker Steven Spielberg states that Bradbury is "[contemplating] a better part of his science fiction career... In the world of science fiction and his fantasy and imagination he is immortal". Author Neil Gaiman feels that "the landscape of the world in which we live will diminish if we do not have it in our world". Author Stephen King released a statement on his website that says, "Ray Bradbury wrote three great novels and three hundred great stories, one of the latter called 'A Sound of Thunder', the voice I hear today is the fading giant footsteps. , novels and stories remain, in all their strange resonances and beauty. "
Bibliography
Bradbury is credited with writing 27 novels and more than 600 short stories. More than eight million copies of his work, published in more than 36 languages, have been sold worldwide.
First novel
In 1949, Bradbury and his wife were expecting their first child. He took the Greyhound bus to New York and got into a room at the YMCA for 50 cents a night. He brought his short story to a dozen publishers and no one wanted it. Just before getting ready to go home, Bradbury dined with an editor at Doubleday. When Bradbury recounted that everyone wanted a novel and he did not have one, the editor, coincidentally named Walter Bradbury, asked if the short stories could be tied together into a collection of books. The title is the editor's idea; he suggested, "You can call it The Martian Chronicles." Bradbury liked the idea and remembered making notes in 1944 to make a book on Mars. That night, he stayed up all night at the YMCA and typed an outline. She took him to the editor of Doubleday the next morning, who read it and wrote a check for $ 750. When Bradbury returned to Los Angeles, he connected all the short stories that became The Martian Chronicles.
First novel meant
What was later released as a collection of stories and sketches, Summer Morning, Summer Night, began to become Bradbury's first true novel. The essence of the work is Bradbury's testimony of American small town life in the heart of America.
In the winter of 1955-56, after consulting his Doubleday editor, Bradbury postponed the publication of a novel based on Green Town, a pseudonym for his hometown. Instead, he extracted 17 stories and, with three other Green Town stories, bridged them into his 1957 book Dandelion Wine. Later, in 2006, Bradbury published the original novel left after the extraction, and gave it the title Summer Break . These two titles show what stories and episodes Bradbury decided to defend when he created the two books from a single book.
The most significant remnants of unpublished stories, scenes, and fragments were published under the name actually intended for the novel, Summer Morning, Summer Night, in 2007.
Adaptation to other media
From 1950 to 1954, Bradbury's 31 stories were adapted by Al Feldstein for EC Comics (seven of which were not enlightened in six stories, including "Kaleidoscope" and "Rocket Man" combined as "Home To Stay" - for which Bradbury retroactively paid - and the first version of EC from "The Handler" with the title "A Strange Undertaking") and 16 of them were collected in the novel, The Autumn People (1965) and Tomorrow Midnight ), both published by Ballantine Books with a cover illustration by Frank Frazetta. Also in the early 1950s, Bradbury's adaptation of the story was broadcast on several anthology events, including Tales of Tomorrow , Exit Lights , Outside there < i> Stress , CBS Television Workshop , Fireside Jane Wyman Theater, Star Tonight Alfred Hitchcock Presents . "The Merry-Go-Round", Bradbury's half-hour movie "The Black Ferris", praised by Variety , was featured at the Starlight Summer Theater in 1954 and NBC's Sneak Preview in 1956. During the same period, several stories were adapted for radio drama, especially in the science fiction X Dimensions and its successor X Minus One <
Producer William Alland first brought Bradbury to the cinema in 1953 with It Comes from Space , a Harry Essex movie scenario developed from Bradbury's screen care "Atomic Monster". Three weeks later came the release of Eugène Lourià ©  's The Beast of 20,000 Fathoms (1953), featuring a scene based on Bradbury's "The Fog Horn", about a sea monster mistook from the horn fog for women's screams. Bradbury's close friend, Ray Harryhausen, produced the creature's stop-motion animation. Bradbury then responded by writing a short story, "Tyrannosaurus Rex", about a stop-motion animator that is very similar to Harryhausen. Over the next 50 years, over 35 features, shorts, and TV movies are based on Bradbury stories or scenarios. Bradbury was hired in 1953 by director John Huston to work on a screenplay for his version of Melville's Moby Dick (1956), starring Gregory Peck as Captain Ahab, Richard Basehart as Ismael, and Orson Welles as Mapple's father. Significant results from the film are Bradbury Green Shadows, White Whale, a deliberate report on filmmaking, including Bradbury affairs with Huston and his time in Ireland, where exterior scenes are laid out by New Bedford , Massachusetts, was filmed.
The Bradbury short story I Sing the Body Electric (from books of the same name) was adapted for the 100th episode The Twilight Zone . This episode was first aired on May 18, 1962.
In 1965, Bradbury's three stories were adapted for the performance. These include "The Wonderful Ice Cream Suit", "The Day It Rains Forever", and "Device Out of Time". The latter was adapted from his 1957 novel Dandelion Wine. The drama debuted at the Coronet Theater in Hollywood and featured Booth Coleman, Joby Baker, Fredric Villani, Arnold Lessing, Eddie Sallia, Keith Taylor, Richard Bull, Gene Otis Shane, Henry T. Delgado, F. Murray Abraham, Anne Loos, and Len Lesser. The director is Charles Rome Smith and the production company is Pandemonium Productions.
Oskar Werner and Julie Christie starred in Fahrenheit 451 (1966), an adaptation of the Bradbury novel directed by FranÃÆ'§ois Truffaut.
In 1966, Bradbury helped Lynn Garrison create AVIAN , a specialist aviation magazine. For the first edition, Bradbury wrote the poem, "Planes That Land on Grass".
In 1969, The Illustrated Man was brought to the big screen, starring Rod Steiger, Claire Bloom, and Robert Drivas. Contains prologues and three short stories from the book, the film received mediocre reviews. That same year, Bradbury approached composer Jerry Goldsmith, who had worked with Bradbury on a dramatic radio in the 1950s and later printed the film version, to write the canton Christus Apollo based on Bradbury's text. This work aired in late 1969, with California Chamber Symphony performing with Charlton Heston narrator at UCLA.
In 1972, The Screaming Woman was adapted as ABC Movie-of-the-Week starring Olivia de Havilland.
The Martian Chronicles became a three-part TV miniseries starring Rock Hudson, first broadcast by NBC in 1980. Bradbury found the "boring" miniseries.
The 1982 movie The Electric Granny is based on Bradbury's short story "I Sing the Body Electric".
The horror film 1983 Something Bad This Way Comes , starring Jason Robards and Jonathan Pryce, is based on Bradbury's novel of the same name.
In 1984, Michael McDonough of Brigham Young University produced "Bradbury 13", a series of 13 audio adaptations of famous stories from Bradbury, along with National Public Radio. The full dramatization features adaptations of "The Ravine", "Night Call, Collect", "The Veldt", "There are an Old Woman", "Kaleidoscope", "Dark They Were, and Golden-Eyed", "The Screaming Woman" , "A Sound of Thunder", "The Man", "The Wind", "The Fox and the Forest", "Here There Be Tygers", and "The Happiness Machine". Voiceover actor Paul Frees provided the narrative, while Bradbury was responsible for the opening of the voiceover; Greg Hansen and Roger Hoffman print episodes. The series won the Peabody Award and two Gold Cindy awards, and was released on CD on May 1, 2010. The series began airing on BBC Radio 4 Extra on June 12, 2011.
From 1985 to 1992, Bradbury hosted a syndicated anthology television series, The Ray Bradbury Theater , where he adapted 65 stories. Each episode begins with Bradbury's shot in his office, looking at the memories of his life, which he claims (in narration) used to spark ideas for stories. During the first two seasons, Bradbury also provided additional additional voiceover narratives for the flagship story and appeared on screen.
Highly respected in the Soviet Union, Bradbury's fiction has been adapted into five episodes of the Soviet science-fiction TV series The Fantastic World adapting the movie version of "I Sing The Body Electric", Fahrenheit 451 , "Piece of Wood", "To Chicago Abyss", and "Forever and the Earth". In 1984, a cartoon adaptation of There Will Come Soft Rains (Ã, ???? ??????  »Â»  »Came) came out by Uzbek director Nazim Tyuhladziev. He made the film adaptation of The Veldt in 1987. In 1989, a cartoon adaptation of "Here There Be Tygers" (Ã,  «???????????? ???????  »By director Vladimir Samsonov out.
Bradbury wrote and narrated the 1993 animated television version of The Halloween Tree, based on his novel in 1972.
The 1998 film The Wonderful Ice Cream Suit , released by Touchstone Pictures, written by Bradbury. It was based on his story "The Magic White Suit" originally published in The Saturday Evening Post in 1957. His story has also been adapted as a 1958 musical, drama, musical, and television version.
In 2002, Brademon's Pandemonium Theater Company's own production of Fahrenheit 451 at Burbank's Falcon Theater combines live acting with digital animation projection by Pixel Pups. In 1984, Telarium released a game for Commodore 64 based on Fahrenheit 451 . Bradbury and director Charles Rome Smith founded the Pandemonium in 1964, performed the New York production of The World of Ray Bradbury (1964), the adaptation of "The Pedestrian", "The Veldt", and "To Chicago Abyss ".
In 2005, the film A Sound of Thunder was released, loosely based on short stories of the same name. The Butterfly Effect film revolves around the same theory as A Sound of Thunder and contains many references to its inspiration. The short film adaptations of A Piece of Wood and The Small Assassin were released in 2005 and 2007, respectively.
In 2005, it was reported that Bradbury was upset with filmmaker Michael Moore for using the title Fahrenheit 9/11 , which is an allusion to Bradbury Fahrenheit 451 , for his documentary about the administration of George W Bush. Bradbury expressed his displeasure with Moore's use of the title, but stated that his hatred was not politically motivated, although Bradbury conservatively leaned politically. Bradbury insisted that he did not want the money the film produced, nor did he believe he deserved it. He presses Moore to change his name, but to no avail. Moore phoned Bradbury two weeks before the film's release to apologize, saying that the movie's marketing had long started and it was too late to change the title.
In 2008, Ray Bradbury's Chrysalis produced by Roger Lay Jr. for Urban Archipelago Films, based on short stories of the same name. The film won the best feature award at the International Horror and Sci-Fi Film Festival in Phoenix. The film has international distribution by Arsenal Pictures and domestic distribution by Lightning Entertainment.
In 2010, The Martian Chronicles was adapted for radio by Colonial Radio Theater in the Air .
Bradbury's works and approach to writing are documented in Terry Sanders 'film Ray Bradbury: Story of a Writer' (1963).
Bradbury's poem "Groon" is voiced as a tribute in 2012.
Awards and honors
Ray Bradbury's award for glory in scriptwriting is sometimes presented by Science Fiction and American Fantasy Writers - presented to six people on four occasions from 1992 to 2009. Beginning in 2010, Ray Bradbury's Award for Extraordinary Dramatic Presentation is presented annually according to the Nebula Rules and procedure awards, though this is not a Nebula Award. The revamped Bradbury Award replaces the Nebula Award for Best Script.
- In 1971, the impact crater on Earth's moon was named Dandelion Crater by Apollo 15 astronauts, in honor of Bradbury's novel Dandelion Wine.
- In 1984, he received the Prometheus Award for Fahrenheit 451 .
- Ray Bradbury Park was dedicated in Waukegan, Illinois, in 1990. He was present for a ribbon-cutting ceremony. The park contains the locations described in Dandelion Wine , especially "113 steps". In 2009, a panel designed by artist Michael Pavelich was added to the park detailing the history of Ray Bradbury and Ray Bradbury Park.
- An asteroid discovered in 1992 was named "9766 Bradbury" in his honor.
- In 1994, he received the Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award, awarded annually by the Tulsa Library Trust.
- In 1994, he won an Emmy Award for the screenplay of The Halloween Tree movie.
- In 2000, he was awarded the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters from the National Book Foundation.
- For his contribution to the film industry, Bradbury was starred on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on April 1, 2002.
- In 2003, he received an honorary doctorate from Woodbury University, where he presented Ray Bradbury Creative Awards every year until his death.
- On November 17, 2004, Bradbury received the National Medal of Arts, presented by President George W. Bush and Laura Bush.
- Bradbury received the Fantasy World Award for Life at the 1977 Fantasy World Convention and was named Gandalf Grand Master of Fantasy at the 1980 World Science Fiction Convention. In 1989, the Horror Writers Association gave him the fourth or fifth Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement in horror fiction and the American Science Fiction Writer made it the 10th SFWA Grand Master. She won the First Fandom Hall of Fame Award in 1996 and Fiction Scientific and Fantasy Hall of Fame inaugurated it in 1999, the fourth class of two deceased and two surviving authors.
- In 2005, he was awarded the title of Doctor of Laws (honorary causa ) by the National University of Ireland, Galway, at a ceremony in Los Angeles.
- On April 14, 2007, Bradbury received the Sir Arthur Clarke Award Special Award, awarded by Clarke to the recipients of his choice.
- On April 16, 2007, Bradbury received a special quote by the Pulitzer Prize judge "for his remarkable, productive, and highly influential career as an unrivaled science and fiction writer."
- In 2007, Bradbury received the French Pioneer Award of Ordre des Arts et des Lettres .
- In 2008, she was named SFPA Grandmaster.
- On May 17, 2008, Bradbury received J. Lloyd Eaton's Lifetime Achievement Award in Science Fiction, presented by the UCR Library at the 2008 Eaton Fiction Conference, "Mars Chronicling".
- In 2009, Bradbury was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Columbia College Chicago.
- In 2010, the Spike TV Scream Awards Comic-Con Icon Award was given to Bradbury
- In 2012, NASA landing location Curiosity ( 4,5895 Â ° S 137.4417 Â ° E / -4.5895; 137.4417 ) on the planet Mars named "Bradbury Landing".
- On December 6, 2012, the corner of Los Angeles Street at 5th and Flower Streets is named in his honor.
- On February 24, 2013, Bradbury was awarded at the 85th Academy Awards during the "In Memoriam" segment.
Documentary
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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