Herbert Ingram (May 27, 1811 - September 8, 1860) was a British journalist and politician. He is considered the father of pictorial journalism through his founding of The Illustrated London News, the first pictorial magazine. He is a Liberal politician who loves social reform and represents Boston for four years until his death in a shipping accident.
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Ingram was born in Paddock Grove, Boston, Lincolnshire, the son of a butcher. After being educated at Laughton's Charity School and a free school at Wormgate (street in Boston), he apprenticed as a fourteen-year-old printman to the town of Joseph Clarke. When Ingram completed his training he moved to London where he worked as a printer's life.
In 1832, Ingram set up his own printing business and newsagent in Nottingham, in partnership with his brother-in-law, Nathaniel Cooke. As a newsagent he noticed that when newspapers inserted wood chunks, their sales increased. He concludes that it is possible to make big profits from magazines that contain many illustrations. However, for a while before he can practice this theory. Newspaper dealers failed to make much headway until Ingram bought the rights to a laxative known as Parr's Life Pills. The advantages of marketing these pills provide the capital that allows it to organize and publish The Illustrated London News.
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The Illustrated London News
Ingram moved back to London and after discussing the matter with his friend Mark Lemon, editor of Punch, he decided to start his own magazine - The Illustrated London News. The first edition appeared on May 14, 1842. For six dollars, the magazine had sixteen pages and thirty-two pieces of wood and targeted to middle-class readers. These include images of wars in Afghanistan, train accidents in France, a steamboat explosion in Canada and a ball of fancy dress at Buckingham Palace. The picture is seen as important as the text for the clear reporting of the first problem, stating that the aim is to bring into the public's understanding "... the form and presence of the events that took place, and whatever the vast and vivid description of wood carvings can be achieved, will now be brought to the top of every subject that attracts the attention of mankind ".
Ingram is a loyal Liberal who loves social reform. He announced in The Illustrated London News that the magazine's attention would be "with the poor English" and "the three important elements of our discussions would be bad law, factory law, and mining system work". Despite debating the case for social reform, this paper is claimed to be nonpartisan. His first editorial declared, "We began our political discourse by denying an unbeatable denial of the Party's name." However, this may be no more than a desire to get the widest possible audience, as over time, the paper displays its Whig tendency. This suggests moderation and caution in his report and this extends to Hunger Ireland, which is largely sympathetic even if it is not sufficient to denounce the inadequacy of government policies or prevailing economic or political orthodoxy ideas. None of the real negative stereotypes found in the most spicy cartoons Punch . Overall there is an attitude that Britain has a responsibility to the victims of what is largely interpreted as a natural disaster.
The magazine was immediately successful and the first edition sold 26,000 copies. In a few months it sold over 65,000 copies a week. High prices are charged for advertising and Ingram immediately makes Ã, Â £ 12,000 annually from this publishing business. Encouraged by the success of The Illustrated London News, Ingram decided in 1848 to start a daily newspaper, London Telegraph. When Andrew Spottiswoode started a rival paper, The Pictorial Times , Ingram bought it and merged it with Illustrated London News . In 1855, Ingram took over another rival, the Illustrated Times .
Ingram hired the leading artists of the day to illustrate social events, news, cities and towns. The entire spectrum of Victorian Britain was recorded pictorially in The Illustrated London News for decades. Special events are important for the success of The Illustrated London News. The magazine was very good during the Great Exposition of 1851 and the edition that reported the Duke of Wellington cemetery in 1852 sold between 150,000 or 250,000 copies, according to various reports. Illustrations come from all over the world. In 1855 Ingram used color and had artists in Great Britain and continental Europe racing to the story scene to capture drama in print. The Crimean war led to further sales increases. In 1863, after the death of Ingram, Illustrated London News sold more than 300,000 copies a week. This is much higher than other journals. For example, newspapers like The Daily News sold 6,000 copies at the moment, and even the biggest selling newspaper, The Times , only sold 70,000 copies.
The Illustrated London News is still published today. Alison Booth, the current editor, said: "He is very inventive and far-sighted and his legacy brings pictures to journalism can still be seen on the front pages of newspapers and magazines around the world. The Illustrated London News
MP for Boston
In 1856, Ingram became a Liberal candidate in a mid-term election in his hometown of Boston. With the help of his friends Mark Lemon and Douglas Jerrold at Punch , and from the team at The Illustrated London News, Ingram advocated a policy of social reform. He told the Boston people that they needed "a representative that is both a product and a manifestation of the progressive spirit of the times". The voters responded to Ingram's message and he won a remarkable victory. However, several daily newspapers attacked Punch and The Illustrated London News for the part they played in Ingram's victory.
He continued his campaign for social reform in the House of Commons until his death four years later.
Ingram plays an important role in bringing the Great Northern Railway to Boston, which has a new relationship with other parts of the country and keeps the city on track for a new era of growth. He also played a major role in supplying fresh piped water to the city, a movement greeted with excitement and brass bands when taps were lit for the first time.
Death and inheritance
In 1860 Ingram went to the US with his eldest son to get material for The Illustrated London News. On September 8, they were on the Lady Elgin ship in Lake Michigan when the ship sank after colliding with another ship. Herbert Ingram, her son, and hundreds of other passengers were drowned. Herbert was bought back to Boston for burial at the Boston Cemetery on Horncastle Road. His son's body was never found and identified and probably buried in an unmarked grave in Winnetka near Chicago. Another child from Ingram, William, took over the newspaper, also a Boston parliamentarian and became a baronet.
There is a statue of Ingram at Market Place in Boston in front of St. Botolphs (Boston "Stump"). The statue was designed by Alexander Munro (sculptor) and inaugurated in October 1862. The allegorical figure at the base of the monument is a reference to Ingram's attempt to bring the first pipe water to the city.
References
External links
- Hansard 1803-2005: contributions to Parliament by Herbert Ingram
- Works by or about Herbert Ingram in the library (WorldCat catalog)
- Herbert Ingram - Lincolnshire County Council
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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