Inkscape is a free and open source vector graph editor; can be used to create or edit vector graphics such as illustrations, diagrams, art lines, graphics, logos and complex paintings. Inkscape's main vector graphic format is Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), but many other formats can be imported and exported.
Inkscape can create a primitive vector shape (eg rectangles, ellipses, polygons, bows, spirals, stars, and 3D boxes) and text. These objects can be filled with solid colors, patterns, radial or linear color gradients and the limits can be stroked, both with adjustable transparencies. Embedding and optional raster graphic tracking are also supported, allowing editors to create vector graphics from photos and other raster sources. The created form can be further manipulated with transformations, such as moving, spinning, scaling and tilting.
Video Inkscape
History
Inkscape started in 2003 as a code fork for the Sodipodi project. Sodipodi, developed since 1999, is based on Gill Raph Levien (GNOME Illustration Application).
The Inkscape FAQ defines the word Inkscape as a compound ink and scape .
Four former Sodipodi developers (Ted Gould, Bryce Harrington, Nathan Hurst, and MenTaLguY ) lead the fork; they identify differences in project objectives, openness to third-party contributions, and technical disagreements as the reason they do forking. With Inkscape, they say they will focus on developing the full implementation of SVG standards, while the development of Sodipodi emphasizes the development of general purpose vector graphics editors, perhaps at the expense of SVG.
After the fork, the Inkscape developers greatly changed it: they changed the programming language from C to C; adopted GTK (formerly GIMP Toolkit) toolkit C bindings (gtkmm); redesigning its user interface, and adding a number of new features. In particular, the adoption of Inkscape's SVG standards, though incomplete, has shown a gradual improvement.
Since 2005 Inkscape has participated in the Google Summer of Code program.
Until the end of November 2007, the Inkscape bug tracking system was hosted on SourceForge. After that move to Launchpad. In June 2017 moved to GitLab.
Maps Inkscape
Features
Creating objects
The basic objects in Inkscape are:
- Rectangles & amp; Toolbox : create rectangles and squares, corner boxes and rectangles can be rounded.
- 3D Box Tool : create 3D boxes that have customizable XYZ perspectives and configurable values ​​for missing points. The 3D box is actually a lane group and after grouping it can be further modified.
- Circle/Ellipse/Circle tool: circles and ellipses can be converted into arcs (for example half-open circles) and segments (such as a half-closed circle).
- Star & amp; Polygon Tool : Multi-pointed star (3 to 1,024 dots) with two radius control handles (base and tip) can be used to mimic the spirograph. Polygons with one control (base) handle can be used to create items based on the number of hexagonal, pentagon, etc.
- Spiral tool : creates a spiral that has a number of configurable turns (revolutions), divergences (sparseness of the outer turns), internal radius (scrolling out from center)
- Pencil tool (Path): which allows to draw unlimited lines.
- Pen Tool (BÃÆ' Â © zier) (Road): create node-by-node curves BÃÆ' Â © zier and or line segments in the same path.
- Calligraphy Toolkit (Road): creates calligraphy strokes or brushstrokes like hands, optionally this tool can use pressure and slope reading from graphics tablets.
- Text tools : create text that can use any of the Operating System (OS) and Unicode fonts including right-to-left scripts. Convert text to path, Normal, Bold, Italic, Condensed and Heavy, Alignment (left, right, middle, full), Superscript, Subscript, Vertical and Horizontal text are implemented. All text objects can be changed through Line Spacing, Spacing Fonts, Word Spacing, Horizontal Kerning, Vertical Shift, and Character Rotation either manually or through menu settings. The text can be placed along the path (both text and paths editable), streamed into the spelled form or spell. Bulleted lists, numbered lists, indents, and underlined text are not available in version 0.91.
- Sprayer : make a copy or clone of one or more items, select an item, then Click Spray on canvas, move mouse or scroll the mouse wheel.
- Paint Bucket Tool : fill in the restricted area of ​​the given object (vector). The Paint Bucket tool works optically rather than geometrically and can help with image searching.
- Connection tools : create object-based links, often used in flowcharts, diagrams or schemes.
In addition, there are more special objects:
- Raster graphics: Inkscape supports the export of bitmap images (as PNG images) of the entire image (all objects), current selection, the object in the outline of the page and the special coordinates. Importing bitmap images, & gt; File & gt; Import allows users to select 'embed' or 'link' images into files. Paste (v0.48) images into Inkscape automatically embed images into files. Inkscape supports importing and sticking PNG, JPEG and BMP. Inkscape supports image search, extracting vector graphics from raster sources.
- Clone : clone is the child object of the original parent object that can have a different transformation applied from the parent object. Clones can be created via Copy, Spray tool or Menu interface. Transformations include; size, position, rotation, opaque, opacity, color and symmetry (layout). The clone is updated directly whenever the parent object changes.
- Render & gt; Extension & gt; Render (menu) feature will create objects to canvas, rendering example including barcode, calendar, grille, gears, spirograph, balls, and more.
- Symbols & gt; Object & gt; The symbol (menu) allows copying and pasting symbols of the edited document and from the symbol library, feature v0.91.
Object manipulation
Every object in the image can be subjected to a fluttering affine transformation: transfer, rotation, scaling, skewing and configurable matrix. The transform parameter can also be numerically determined in the Transform dialog. Transformations can snap into corners, grids, guides and nodes of other objects. Grid, guides, and snapping properties are defined per document basis. As an alternative to snapping, the Align and Distribute dialog is provided, which can perform common alignment tasks on selected objects: eg. line them in the specified direction, space them equally, propagate them randomly and remove overlap between objects.
Objects can be grouped together. Group objects behave in many ways like "atomic" objects: for example, they can be cloned or painted. The objects that make up the group can be edited without having to separate the group first, via the Enter Group command: the group can then be edited like a temporary layer.
Z-order determines the order of objects drawn on the canvas. Objects with a high Z-order are drawn last and therefore drawn on lower objects in the Z-order. The order of objects can be managed either using layers, or by manually moving objects up and down in the Z-order. Layers can be locked or hidden, preventing unintentional modifications and selection.
Special tools, Create Clone Tiles, are provided to create a symmetrical or box-like image using various plane symmetries.
Objects can be cropped, copied and pasted using the clipboard. However, starting with version 0.46, Inkscape uses internal variables rather than the Clipboard Operating System, which limits copy and paste operations to one instance of the application. Objects can be copied between documents by opening them from the File menu in the opened window instead of by opening the second file of the operating system shell.
Organize objects
Each object in Inkscape has several designs that determine its style. All designs can generally be set for any object:
- Contents : can be solid colors, patterns, linear or radial gradients, custom swatches, inherited from the parent object. The color picker has color options RGBA, HSL, CMYK, Color Wheels, Color Management System (CMS) available, but all selected colors are currently converted to RGBA. Gradients can have multiple stops, radials supporting direct gradients or optional reflections. All colors can have a specified alpha value. Patterns can be constructed from any collection of objects, or one of several available inventory patterns can be used.
- Scrapbook : can have the same value as the contents, but applied to the scratch of an object.
- Stroke style : width can be adjusted by 9 different measurement settings (pixels, inches, meters, etc.); join (angle) styles shown are partners, round or bevel joints; available hat styles are buttocks, round or square; stroke dash of 35 (and custom) styles with configurable offsets available; markers for start, mid, and end of various types (over 65) (arrows, dots, diamonds, etc...) are supported.
- Opacity : specifies the alpha value for all fill colors. Each object has a different opacity value, which is eg. can be used to create a transparent group.
- Filters : fields & amp; the stroke menu has an easy slider to use for Gaussian blur of any object; there are hundreds of filter options categorized under SVG filters that can be created using the & gt; Filter.
The appearance of the object can be changed further by using a mask and clipping path, which can be created from arbitrary objects, including groups.
The attribute style is 'attached' to the source object, so after cutting/copying the object to the clipboard, the style attribute can be attached to another object.
Operation on line
Inkscape has a comprehensive set of tools for editing paths, since they are the basic elements of vector files.
- Edit Path by Node tool : allows single or double point editing and/or related nodes. There are four types of road nodes; Peak (angle), Smooth, Symmetrical and Automatic-Fine. Editing is available to position the nodes and related handles (angle and length) for Linear and BÃÆ'Â Â zier or Spiro curves. The road segment can also be adjusted by dragging (left-click hold). When multiple nodes are selected, they can be moved, scaled and played using keyboard shortcuts or mouse controls. An additional node can be entered into a path on an arbitrary placement or even, and effects can be used to insert nodes at specified intervals. When the node is removed, the handle on the remaining is adjusted to retain its original shape to the maximum extent possible.
- Tweak Tool (sculpt/paint) : provides the entire object (s) or vertices edit the region (sections) of an object. Can push, push/pull, scramble position, shrink/zoom, rotate, copy/delete entire selected object. With lane parts, you can push, shrink/zoom, reject/pull, harden the edges, blur and colors. Nodes are dynamically created and deleted when needed while using this tool, so Nodes can also be used on simple paths without pre-processing.
- Off-Off line; Outset, Inset, Linked or Dynamic : can create a Unlinked and/or Outset from an existing path which can then be set up using either the Shape or Node tool provided. Creating a Linked Offset off line will update whenever the original document is changed. Making symmetric graphs (eg picture frames) easier to edit.
- Path Conversion; Object to Path : Conversion Object; Shapes (square, circle, etc.) Or Text becomes path.
- Path Conversion; Stroke to Path : Conversion Stroke from form to path.
- Simple-Path : the number of given path nodes will decrease while maintaining the shape.
- Path-Operation (boolean operation): use of multiple objects to Union, Differences, Intersections, Exceptions, Divisions and Cut Lines.
Inkscape includes a feature called Live Path Effects (LPE), which can apply various modifiers to the path. Deformation Envelope is available through Path Effects and provides perspective effects. There are more than a dozen of these lifestyle effects. LPEs can be stacked onto one object and have interactive live on canvas and menu-based editing of effects.
Text support
Inkscape supports text editing for regular multi-line text (SVG & lt; text & gt; elements) and flowing text (non-standard & lt; flowRoot & gt; , previously proposed for SVG 1.2). Starting version 0.47, flowing text is not provided by other applications, in the absence of parallel structure & lt; switch & gt; corresponding in the SVG document. SVG 1.2 Element Tiny & lt; textArea & gt; is not supported. All text is directly editable on the canvas. Text rendering is based on the Pango library, which allows Inkscape to support some complex scripts including Hebrew, Arabic, Thai, Tibetan, etc. Kerning and letter spacing can be adjusted on a per-glyph basis using keyboard shortcuts. Placing text in the path is also supported, and both text and line remain editable. Inkscape supports italics and bold, as well as super character and subscript attributes, but underscores have not yet been implemented.
Rendering
For a long time, unlike many other GTK applications, Inkscape uses its own rendering library to create graphs, called libnr . From version 0.91 on, Inkscape uses Cairo to create charts, which brings significant improvements in application speed rendering.
File format
The main format of Inkscape is Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) version 1.1, which means it can create and edit with capabilities and within the limits of this format. Other formats must be imported (converted to SVG) or exported (converted from SVG). The SVG format uses the standard Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) internally. The application of Inkscape SVG and CSS standards is incomplete. Especially, it does not support animation natively. Inkscape has multilingual support, especially for complex scripts.
Inkscape can import the following formats:
- Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI)
- CorelDRAW (CDR)
- Microsoft Visio Drawing (VSD)
- Portable Document Format (PDF)
- SVG Zip (SVGZ)
- Raster format:
- Shared Photography Experts Group (JPEG)
- Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
- Graphical Interchange Format (GIF)
- bitmap image file (BMP)
It can import the following formats with help from extensions:
- Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) (using UniConvertor)
- He Software (DIA)
- Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) using Ghostscript
- Postscript (PS) uses Ghostscript
- sK1 (SK1) (using UniConvertor)
- Sketch
- Xfig Software (Images)
Inkscape can natively export the following formats:
- Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
- XML Flash Graph (FXG)
- Hewlett-Packard Graphic Language (HPGL)
- HTML5 Canvas
- LaTeX (TEX)
- Portable Document Format (PDF)
- PostScript (PS) (Level 3 with 0.92)
- POV-Ray (POV)
- Synfig Animation Studio (SIF)
- Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML)
More features
- XML Editor for direct manipulation of SVG XML structures
- Editing of Resource Description Framework (RDF), World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) metadata information model
- Command interface, displaying format conversion functions and full-featured GUI scripts
- Over sixty interface languages ​​
- Expandable to the file format, effects, and other new features
- A mathematical diagram, with various uses of LaTeX
- Experimental support for scripting
The interface and usability
One of the main priorities of the Inkscape project is the consistency and usefulness of the interface. This includes efforts to follow GNOME human interface guidelines, universal keyboard access, and convenient on-canvas editing. Inkscape has achieved significant improvements in usefulness since the project began.
The number of floating dialog boxes has been reduced, with their functions available using keyboard shortcuts or in the toolbar being bolted in the editing window. The control toolbar at the top of the window always displays controls relevant to the current tool.
All vector, scale, rotation and position (minus skewing) transformations have a keyboard shortcut with consistent modifiers (Alt changes with 1 pixel of the screen at current zoom, Shift multiplies the transformation by 10, etc.). These buttons work on the nodes in the Node tool as well as on objects in the Selector Tool. The most common operations (such as transformation, zoom, z-order) have simple one-button shortcuts.
Inkscape provides the mouse over tooltips and status bar instructions for all buttons, controls, commands, keys, and handles on the canvas. The status bar indicates a dynamic message: The given object can display up to four instructions when editing it with just one tool. The instructions are updated based on two items - tools used, and the type of object/node/handle being edited - text, shape, path, node type, etc. It comes with full keyboard and mouse references (in HTML and SVG) and some interactive tutorials in SVG.
The interface of Sodipodi (its predecessor Inkscape) is based on CorelDRAW and GIMP. The Inkscape interface has been influenced by Xara Xtreme.
Platform support
The latest version of Inkscape is available for the Ubuntu, OpenSUSE, Microsoft Windows and macOS platforms. 32-bit and 64-bit versions are available for Windows PCs.
Inkscape on macOS usually runs on XQuartz, although the underlying GTK toolkit can be compiled to run natively under Quartz.
Inkscape is packaged for all major Linux distributions (including Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, OpenSUSE) with GTK 2.20.
Wacom Tablet Support for GTK 3 is in the reviving project.
The main problem for Transition to GTK 3 is not actual support for Windows and some difficult issues in Migrating to Version 3.
Releasing history
Gallery
See also
- Comparison of vector graphics editor
- Create Project
- Libre Graphics Meeting
- Open Clip Art Library
- Open Font Library
References
Further reading
External links
- Official website
- Inkscape Keyboard Layout - on the Clipart Open
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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